Browsing by Author "Gemi, Lokman"

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Citation - WoS: 72
Citation - Scopus: 78
Article Info Keywords: Cfrp Reinforced Concrete T-Beams Strengthening Analytical Analysis Anchorage Building Codes Damage Analysis
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Yazman, Şakir; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Hamad, Ahmed Abed; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp
Strengthening of shear deficient T-beams is not as easy as rectangular beams due to the presence of slabs. In this study, externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) such type of reinforced concrete shear deficient T-beams with and without anchorage in different CFRP configurations was experimentally and analytically investigated. Pursuant to this goal, nine half-scale T-beams were produced and tested with monotonic loading under four points. Seven of these T-beams are strengthened with partial CFRP strip and one is strengthened with full CFRP wrapped in the shear span. The failures of strengthened beams are initiated with the debonding failure of FRP sheets followed by brittle shear failure. In order to prevent this failure, two specimens with partial CFRP strip are fixed to the beam by using anchors at different angles of 45 and 90. The experimental results indicated that the contribution of EBR to the shear capacity is significant and depends on different variables such as anchorage angle, strengthening type. Moreover, the strengthening method that gives the most effective results in strengthening T-beams are full wrapping CFRP and partial CFRP with a 45-degree anchorage type. The anchorage application increased the shear capacity by 42.6%-53.8% compared to the reference specimens. In addition, the anchors with angle of 45 increased stiffness by 37%. In terms of ductility, the best result was given by the type of strengthening where the slabs were broken and the beam was completely wrapped. This method contributed 42%-80% more to ductility than other methods. The obtained experimental results were also compared with the empirical correlations given by ACI 440.2R-17, TBEC-2019 and FIB-2010 and recommendations are given. Especially in fully wrapped beams, the estimation of ACI was determined to be 96%. The estimations of the other codes are far from meeting the experimental results; therefore, essential improvements should be applied to the codes, especially with regard to CFRP deformation and approaches for anchored connections.
Citation - WoS: 70
Citation - Scopus: 75
Behavior of Cfrp-Strengthened Rc Beams With Circular Web Openings in Shear Zones: Numerical Study
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
In practice, especially the basement floor beams are drilled and damaged by the users. In some cases, this damage to the beams can be significant for the load-bearing element and the whole structure. In this study, the behavior of reinforced concrete beams with circular openings and the failure types resulting from strengthening these beams with CFRP are parametrically investigated. The diameter of the opening/beam height ratio (D/H), con-crete compressive strength, stirrup spacing, the position of the opening to the beam support, the type of CFRP application, CFRP ply orientation, and the number of CFRP layers were selected as parameters. Numerical models were verified using 9 specimens having different circular openings with/without CFRP strengthening and the analyses of 95 numerical models with the selected parameters were carried out utilizing the finite element program, ABAQUS. The ultimate load capacity, ductility, stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and failure modes of the beams were determined. As a result of the study, it was observed that there was no significant loss in ductility for the beams with D/H < 0.3 and the number of CFRP layer and type of application did not have a significant effect on D/H < 0.44. However, for the beams with D/H > 0.64, the CFRP application that completely surrounds openings should be preferred instead of partial CFRP strengthening. In addition, the concrete strength is an effective parameter for the beams with D/H < 0.44. The effect of the stirrup spacings in the beam on the ductile behavior was also limited with the increase in the hole diameter. The number of CFRP layers should theoretically be 4 for an effective strengthening in beams with D/H > 0.44. Finally, U wrapping is recommended instead of using full wrapping. It has been seen that the location and diameter of the hole are very important parameters in the failure type of the beam.
Cfrp ile Güçlendirilmiş Öngermeli Prefabrik Aşıklarda Tabaka Konfigürasyonun Etkisi
(2019) Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Determination of Optimum Cfrp Composite Amount in Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Beams With Inadequate Shear Strength
(2020) Alsdudi, Mohammed; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Özkılıç, Yasin; Yazman, Şakir; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Gemi, Lokman
Effect of Circular Holes in Shear Region on the Behavior of Cfrp Strengthened Rc Beams
(2019) Arslan, Musa Hakan; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Gemi, Lokman; Yazman, Şakir; Kılıç, Yasin Onualp
Citation - WoS: 23
Effect of the Gfrp Wrapping on the Shear and Bending Behavior of Rc Beams With Gfrp Encasement
(Techno-Press, 2022) ÖzKılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Gemi, Lokman; Madenci, Emrah; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Kalkan, İlker
The need for establishing the contribution of pultruded FRP encasements and additional FRP wraps around these encasements to the shear strength and load-deflection behavior of reinforced concrete beams is the main motivation of the present study. This paper primarily focuses on the effect of additional wrapping around the composite beam on the flexural and shear behavior of the pultruded GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer) beams infilled with reinforced concrete, taking into account different types of failure according to av/H ratio (arch action, shear-tension, shear-compression and pure bending). For this purpose, nine hybrid beams with variable shear span-to-depth ratio (av/H) were tested. Hybrid beams with 500 mm, 1000 mm, and 1500 mm lengths and cross-sections of 150x100 mm and 100x100 mm were tested under three-point and four-point loading. Based on the testing load-displacement relationship, ductility ratio, energy dissipation capacity of the beams were evaluated with comprehensive macro damage analysis on pultruded GFRP profile and GFRP wrapping. The GFRP wraps were established to have a major contribution to the composite beam ductility (90-125%) and strength (40-75%) in all ranges of beam behavior (shear-dominated or dominated by the coupling of shear and flexure). The composite beams with wraps were showns to reach ductilities and strength values of their counterparts with much greater beam depth.
The Effects of Material Properties and Pretension To Behavior of Prefabricated Purlins
(2019) Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Citation - WoS: 24
Citation - Scopus: 27
Effects of Stirrup Spacing on Shear Performance of Hybrid Composite Beams Produced by Pultruded GFRP Profile Infilled with Reinforced Concrete
(Springernature, 2022) Ozkilic, Yasin Onuralp; Gemi, Lokman; Madenci, Emrah; Aksoylu, Ceyhun
Pultruded Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (pultruded GFRP) composite produced by the pultrusion method has become popular in civil engineering applications due to its lightness, corrosion resistance and high strength. However, the use of the pultruded profile combining with reinforced concrete is still limited due to a lack of knowledge. Therefore, the behavior of the pultruded GFRP profile infilled with reinforced concrete beams (hybrid beams) is investigated. This study focused on the effects of stirrup spacing for the hybrid beams. Pursuant to this goal, a total of eight different beams were tested under fourpoint loading. One reference beam without the pultruded profile and seven hybrid beams having different stirrup spacings were considered. Moreover, the hybrid beams with and without stirrups were wrapped by unidirectional GFRP composite to investigate the effects of stirrup spacing on shear capacity of the beams strengthened by GFRP composite. The experimental findings revealed that tightening stirrups increased the load and energy dissipation capacities of the hybrid beams; however, it could not prevent brittle failure. On the other hand, wrapping hybrid beams with GFRP composite increased the load and energy dissipation capacities and also prevented brittle failure regardless of the presence of the stirrups. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the unidirectional pultruded profiles should be strengthened with 90 degrees GFRP wrapping to have ductile behavior.
Citation - WoS: 87
Citation - Scopus: 90
Experimental Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Shear Deficient Beams With Circular Web Openings Strengthened by Cfrp Composite
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2020) Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
In this study, two methods of CFRP applications were utilized to strengthen the shear deficient beams with cir-cular holes and a comprehensive experimental program consisting of 11 1/2 scaled specimens was undertaken. The beams with hole diameter (D)/beam height ratio (H) of 0.30, 0.44, 0.64 ratios, symmetrically drilled in shear span were tested under vertical loading. D/H ratio of 0.30 did cause not only a decrease in load carrying capacity but also increased the ductility of the beam. However, significant decreases in load carrying capacities were observed as the hole diameters increase. The load carrying capacity and ductility were significantly improved owing to different CFRP configurations. The fact that the hole diameter and CFRP strengthening method are very important parameters for strengthening is observed. No CFRP strengthening alternative was successful in the beams with a D/H ratio of 0.64. A detailed macro and micro damage analyses are presented.
Citation - WoS: 36
Citation - Scopus: 37
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Load Bearing Capacity of Thinned End Precast Purlin Beams and Solution Proposals
(TURKISH CHAMBER CIVIL ENGINEERS, 2021) Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Yazman, Şakir; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
The construction sector in Turkey has met concrete prefabrication at the end of the 1960s. Prefabricated structures have been preferred more especially in industrial buildings due to their rapid production and fast erecting. The biggest disadvantage of these structures is the damages that occurred at especially the region of hinged connection. The connection of roof beams and purlin beams are generally assembled with a hinged connection. Therefore, a moment does not occur theoretically in the support areas and the cross-sectional effects of these beams are calculated as in simple support beams. However, since the shear force concentrated in the thinned end regions causes an increase in shear stresses, a number of special design rules are included in the relevant standards for the detailing of this region. Damages are observed in these connections as a result of snow accumulated on the roof especially after effective and prolonged snowfall. These damages pose a significant risk for thinned end beams, especially those in the relatively older prefabricated building stock. In this present study, the behavior of thinned end purlins under vertical loading, which have not been investigated extensively before, has been numerically and experimentally examined according to varying mechanical parameters. First, experiments of two purlin beam, which are in accordance with current standards and not, were carried out. Then another purlin beam in accordance with the standard, which was strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in order to prevent thinned end damage, was tested. Then, the results obtained from the purlins modeled with ABAQUS program were verified with the results of the experimental study. The results of numerical modeling were found to be very close to all experimental findings. The similarities between the damages observed in the experiments and numerical modeling showed that numerical models can be used in new parametric studies. After the verificifation, a number of parametric studies related to the mechanical properties of the purlins and strengthening alternatives were performed numerically. In the parametric study, concrete compressive strength, reinforcement tensile strength and the prestressing level used in the production of purlin beams, especially in existing purlin, was evaluated as a parameter with the idea that it may differ from the designed one. In addition, the behavior of purlins which are not in accordance with standards and strengthened with CFRP was also examined in the parametric study section. According to the results of the parametric study, it has been observed that a significant increase in shear capacity has been achieved with the increase of concrete and steel strength although the concrete compressive strength is more effective. The results showed that increasing the pretension value does not have a significant effect on the capacity. In addition, the shear capacity of purlin strengthened with CFRP has increased up to 50% and the damage has shifted to out of the thinned end region. With the aid of parametric study, different and feasible CFRP alternatives were also modeled and the best strengthening alternative was recommended. In addition, some suggestions for the design of the reinforcements for the thinned ended purlins were made.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Prefabricated Thinned Ended Purlins With and Without Cfrp Composites
(2019) Yazman, Şakir; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Citation - WoS: 59
Citation - Scopus: 59
Experimental Investigation of Axial Compression Behavior After Low Velocity Impact of Glass Fiber Reinforced Filament Wound Pipes With Different Diameter
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Gemi, Dilek Soylu; Şahin, Ömer Sinan; Gemi, Lokman
The GRP (Glass Reinforced Polymer) composite pipes produced by filament winding (FW) technique are used in many applications such as the transmission of pressurized gases, liquids, oil, and natural gas transmission. These composite pipes may be subjected to low velocity impacts during production and/or service for various reasons. The impact on the composite pipes may lead to invisible damages such as matrix crack, fiber damage, and inter layer separation. In this study, pipes with three different diameters (empty set54, empty set72, and empty set96 mm) were produced to investigate the damage caused by low velocity impact and to determine the effect of these damages on the strength losses of the composite pipe. The pipes were subjected to low velocity impact test according to ASTM D 7136 with 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 m/s impact velocities. In order to examine the effects of impact damages on the strength of pipes, Compression after impact (CAI) tests were performed on pre-damaged pipes according to ASTM D 7137 and Force-Displacement and Stress-Strain relations were obtained. The results of impacted samples were compared with the behavior of undamaged samples. After the experiments, macro/micro damage analyses of GRP pipes were performed by optical microscope and SEM imaging.
Citation - WoS: 71
Citation - Scopus: 76
Experimental Investigation of Shear Capacity and Damage Analysis of Thinned End Prefabricated Concrete Purlins Strengthened by Cfrp Composite
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Gemi, Lokman; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Prefabricated structures supported with purlins are exposed to numerous damages due to the excessive snow loadings as vertical loadings. The thinned regions of the purlins are responsible with the failure of the structure since the shear cracks usually initiate at these regions and propagate along with the purlins, and as a result, a total collapse may occur. In this study, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with four different configurations (P-2-P-5) were employed for strengthening prefabricated purlins in order to increase the strength of the purlin against shear damage generated under vertical loading. The load carrying capacities and damage patterns of the purlins were compared. The failure of the reference purlin (P-1) was occurred as a shear damage at the thinned regions before reaching its bending capacity. However, the failure characteristic of the CFRP reinforced purlins was dominated by the bending damage and the vertical loading capacity of the purlins were increased up to 59% depends on the CFRP wrapping. Damage analysis of the CFRP composite was also performed. Various damage modes of the structure such as cover separation, air voids, delamination, debonding, fiber bundles breakage, matrix cracks, fiber bundles debonding, fiber breakage and buckling were observed and explained thoroughly.
Citation - WoS: 73
Citation - Scopus: 79
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Diameter Upon Low Velocity Impact Response of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Pipes
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021) Gemi, Dilek Soylu; Şahin, Ömer Sinan; Gemi, Lokman
The GRP (Glass Reinforced Polymer) composite pipes produced by filament winding technique are used in many fields such as the transmission of pressurized chemical liquids, industrial liquids, oil and natural gas transmission and construction materials. GRP composite pipes may be subjected to low velocity impacts for various reasons both during installation and service. The impact on the GRP composite pipe wall may lead to some nonvisible damages such as matrix crack, fiber damage, delamination and inter-layer separation. Composite pipes suffered strength loss due to these damages caused by impact cannot support the expected strength values during service. Pipes with three different diameters (054, 072 and 096 mm) were produced to investigate the damage caused by low velocity impact and to determine the effect of these damages on the strength losses of the composite pipe. In order to investigate the influence of low velocity impact damage, the produced pipes were subjected to impacts at the velocity of 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 m/s according to ASTM D 7136 and preliminary damage was formed. During low velocity impact tests, Force-Time, Force-Displacement and Energy-Time graphs were obtained and dynamic behavior of the pipes were examined. With the increase in diameter; it has been observed that the effect of low velocity impact is reduced and the damage after impact transformed into delamination damage rather than multiple damage.
Citation - WoS: 121
Citation - Scopus: 130
An Experimental Study on the Effects of Various Drill Types on Drilling Performance of Gfrp Composite Pipes and Damage Formation
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Gemi, Lokman; Morkavuk, Sezer; Köklü, Uğur; Gemi, Dilek Soylu
Drilling is the most commonly used machining operation among others for assembly applications. The necessity of this operation has come to the forefront in composite materials that are becoming widespread nowadays. In this study, drilling performance of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composite pipes used in many sectors such as natural gas transmission lines, pressurized sewer lines, industrial waste transmission, defense industry, and construction industry was investigated. The GFRP pipe was produced by filament winding method with a winding angle of +/-55 degrees. Different drill types (conventional twist drill, brad and spur drill, and brad center drill) with a drill diameter of 4 mm were utilized for drilling the pipe and the effect of drill type on the drilling performance was investigated. Drilling tests were performed at a constant 5000 rpm spindle speed and six different feed rate parameters (25, 75, 125, 175, 225, and 275 mm/min). Thrust forces generated during drilling were recorded and after the drilling operations, hole exit surface damage, and borehole surface damage were examined by a digital microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that the brad center drill produced lower thrust forces while the twist drill generated higher thrust forces. The severity of damages could vary depending on the tool geometry and feed rate. Especially, at lower feed rates, conventional twist drill results with increased delamination and uncut fibers as compared with other drills. The brad center drill presents better performance since it generates fewer damages. Also, it is observed that these damages formed in the winding angle direction (orientation).
İnceltilmiş Uçlu Betonarme Prefabrik Aşıkların Kesme Kapasitelerinin Cfrp Uygulaması ile Artırılması
(2019) Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Yazman, Şakir; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Kesme Dayanımı Yetersiz Betonarme Kirişlerin Güçlendirilmesinde Optimum Lifli Polimer Miktarının Belirlenmesi
(Konya Teknik Üniversitesi, 2021) Alsdudi, Mohammed; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Gemi, Lokman
Bu çalışmada kesme kapasitesi yetersiz denge altı dikdörtgen kesitli betonarme kirişlerin kesme açıklıkları boyunca dıştan CFRP ile güçlendirilmesi sonucunda düşey yük altında değişen davranışı deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada yapım yönetmeliklerinde yer alan normlara göre kiriş davranışını gerek dayanım gerekse süneklik açısından ideal seviyeye getirecek olan CFRP'nin optimum şerit genişliği (wf) / şerit aralıkları (sf) oranı belirlenmiştir. Deneysel çalışmada, ½ ölçekli 8 adet 125 x 250 x 2500 mm boyutlarında betonarme kiriş numunesi hazırlanmıştır. Kirişlerde kesme kapasitesinin yetersiz olması için etriyeler Ø5 / 35 cm olacak şekilde seçilmiştir. Numunelerden bir tanesi güçlendirilmeden referans olarak test edilirken diğer numunelerin kesme açıklıkları boyunca artan CFRP (wf) / (sf) oranlarda güçlendirilerek testleri gerçekleşmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlarına göre (wf) / (sf) oranın 0.55'i geçmesi ile beraber kiriş davranışı kesme kırılması yerine eğilme kırılması gözlemlenmiştir. Bununla beraber kirişin yönetmelik normlarına göre yeterli kesme rezerv değerine ulaşabilmesi için (wf) / (sf) oranın 0.82'ye kadar çıkarılması gerektiği de görülmektedir. Çalışmada kullanılan CFRP'nin yönü ve gramajının güçlendirmede en önemli etkenlerden biri olduğu ve kullanılan 240 gr/m2 lik CFRP'nin kesme bölgelerinde betonun çatlaması ile beraber ani kopmalar yaşadığı görülmüştür. Yönetmeliklerde yer alan kapasite formüllerinde CFRP malzemesi ile ilgili gerek yön gerekse gramaj bilgilerinin bulunmaması ise bir eksiklik olarak düşünülmüştür.
Ktun’de Yapı Mekaniği Alanında Yapılan Deneysel Lisans Bitirme Çalışmalarına Örnekler
(2019) Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Yazman, Şakir; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
Bu çalışma da lisans bitirme öğrencilerinin teorik ve uygulamalı eğitim noktasında desteklenmeleri amacıyla bir dizi deneysel çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar sanayi yapılarında yaygın olarak kullanılan inceltilmiş uçlu aşıkların kesme hasarına yönelik çalışmalar ile bodrum katlarında tesisat amacıyla açılan deliklerin kirişlerin kesme hasarına verdikleri hasarları tespit etmek ve CFRP ile güçlendirmesini kapsamaktadır. Yapılan çalışma 3 grupta gerçekleşirilmiş olup, 1. Grup deneylerde sanayi yapılarında kar yükü altında hasar gören betonarme aşıkların inceltilmiş uçlarında donatı düzenini değiştirerek ve uç bölgeye çelik lif ilave ederek uç bölge dayanım değişimini incelemektir. 2. Grup deneylerde ise inceltilmiş uç bölgenin CFRP ile farklı konfigürasyonlarla sarılması durumunda uç bölgede oluşan hasarın değişimini incelemektir. 3. Grup deneylerinde ise bodrum kat kirişlerinde açılan deliklerin kirişin kesme kapasitesini ciddi oranda düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Ancak yapılan CFRP güçlendirmesi ile özellikle Delik çapı/Kesit yüksekliği oranının 0.3’ün altında olduğu kirişlerde davranışın tipik eğilme kirişi davranışı olduğu görülmüştür.
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 14
Numerical and Analytical Investigation of Parameters Influencing the Behavior of Shear Beams Strengthened by Cfrp Wrapping
(Techno-Press, 2023) Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Yazman, Şakir; Alsdudi, Mohammed; Gemi, Lokman; Arslan, Musa Hakan
In this study, a parametric study was performed considering material properties of concrete, material properties of steel, the number of longitudinal reinforcement (reinforcement ratio), CFRP ply orientations, a number of layers as variables by using ABAQUS. Firstly, the parameters used in the Hashin failure criteria were verified using four coupon tests of CFRP. Secondly, the numerical models of the beams strengthened by CFRP were verified using five experimental data. Finally, eighty numerical models and eighty analytic calculations were developed to investigate the effects of the aforementioned variables. The results revealed that in the case of using fibrous polymer to prevent shear failure, the variables related to reinforced concrete significantly affected the behavior of specimens, whereas the variables related to CFRP composite have a slight effect on the behavior of the specimens. As a result of numerical analysis, while the increase in the longitudinal tensile and compression reinforcement, load bearing capacity increases between 23.6%-70.7% and 5.6%-12.2%, respectively. Increase in compressive strength (29 MPa to 35 MPa) leads to a slight increase in the load-carrying capacity of the specimens between 4.6% and 7.2%. However, the decrease in the compressive strength (29 MPa to 20 MPa) significantly affected (between 6.4% and 8.1% decrease observed) the behavior of the specimens. As the yield strength increases or decreases, the capacity of specimens increase approximately 27.1% or decrease 12.1%. The effects of CFRP ply orientation results have been obtained as a negligible well approximately 3.7% difference. An increasing number of CFRP layers leads to almost no effect (approximately 2.8%) on the behavior of the specimen. Finally, according to the numerical analysis, the ductility values obtained between 4.0 and 6.9 indicate that the beams have sufficient ductility capacity.
Citation - WoS: 85
Citation - Scopus: 91
Numerical Investigation of the Parameters Influencing the Behavior of Dapped End Prefabricated Concrete Purlins With and Without Cfrp Strengthening
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021) Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Yazman, Şakir; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Gemi, Lokman
Dapped end prefabricated concrete purlins (PCPs) suffer from shear damages due to coating, snow, wind load and also their dead loads. In this present study, a series of numerical modelling is performed with the aid of finite element program ABAQUS in order to investigate this behavior of PCPs through parametric study. In addition to the mechanical properties of the PCPs, the strengthening of the PCPs with the help of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) is considered as a parameter in the models. Pursuant to this aim, longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio, shear friction reinforcement ratio, bending reinforcement ratio, suspension reinforcement ratio, concrete and steel mechanical properties, pre-stressing level, CFRP ply orientation, the number of CFRP plies and material properties of CFRP composite were selected as the parameters. First of all, numerical models were verified using experimental test data of three PCP test specimens and five CFRP coupon tests. Later, a total of 50 different numerical models was created to investigate the behavior of PCPs thoroughly. Vertical load- displacements curves are compared and explained in detail. The result of the parametric study revealed that the effects of the parameters related to reinforced concrete except longitudinal reinforcement and material properties of concrete are very limited when compared to the effects of the parameters related to CFRP. The effect of FRP ply orientation is the most effective parameter that increases significantly the shear capacity of PCPs. More importantly is the general FRP layout is proposed to delay or prevent shear cracks for the beams and the proposed layout is proved through numerical analyses. [+/- 45 degrees] fiber orientation is recommended to use to prevent shear damage. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.