Evrensel Tasarım Yaklaşımının Şehir Planlama Disiplini Bakış Açısı ile Değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2018
Authors
Meşhur, Havva Filiz
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Abstract
Toplumdaki tüm bireyler kendi kabiliyet ve becerilerine göre kentsel iç ve dış mekânlarda
farklı kullanım şekillerine ihtiyaç duyar. Önceleri bu duruma çözüm olarak, toplum
içerisinde özel ihtiyaçları olan gruplara hitap eden engelsiz tasarım anlayışı yer
almaktaydı. Ancak günümüzde evrensel tasarım yaklaşımı, farklı kabiliyet ve durum
içerisinde bulunan bireylerin ihtiyaçlarını eşit kullanabilecekleri ürünler ve mekânlar ile
cevap vermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu makalede, herkes için kapsayıcı bir tasarım yaklaşımı
olan evrensel tasarımı şehir planlama disiplini bakış açısı ile değerlendirmek
amaçlanmaktadır. Toplumda farklı gereksinime sahip olan bireyler (engelli, yaşlı, çocuk,
hamile, bebek arabası kullanan ebeveynler ve yolcular vb.) kentsel iç ve dış mekânlarda
pek çok sorunla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu anlamda, kentsel plan ve tasarımlar yapılırken
herkesin ihtiyaçlarının dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. Makalenin kuramsal altyapı
bölümünde tarihsel süreçte evrensel tasarım yaklaşımının ortaya çıkış süreci
değerlendirilmiştir. Devamında, evrensel tasarım kavramı, ilkeleri, önemi ve planlama
disiplinine entegrasyonu tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur. Kentsel mekânların evrensel
tasarım ilkelerinin dikkate alınarak planlanması ve düzenlenmesi ile kenti kullanan
herkesin yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasına katkı sağlanmış olunacaktır.
All individuals in the society need different ways of use in urban interior and outdoor spaces according to their abilities and skills. In the past, there was a concept of barrierfree design that appealed to groups with special needs. Nowadays, the universal design approach aims to respond to the needs of individuals with different abilities and situations with the products and spaces which they can use equally. In this paper, it is aimed to evaluate the universal design which is an inclusive design approach for everyone with the perspective of urban planning discipline. Individuals with different needs in the society (disabled, elderly, children, pregnant, and parents who use baby strollers, etc.) face many problems in urban interior and outdoor spaces. In this sense, the needs of everyone should be taken into consideration when planning and designing cities. In the theoretical background of the paper, the process of emergence of the universal design approach was evaluated in the historical process. Then, the principles, importance and integration of universal design concept into the urban planning discipline were discussed and recommendations were presented. The quality of life of everyone who live in the city will increase by planning and organizing urban spaces by taking into consideration the universal design principles.
All individuals in the society need different ways of use in urban interior and outdoor spaces according to their abilities and skills. In the past, there was a concept of barrierfree design that appealed to groups with special needs. Nowadays, the universal design approach aims to respond to the needs of individuals with different abilities and situations with the products and spaces which they can use equally. In this paper, it is aimed to evaluate the universal design which is an inclusive design approach for everyone with the perspective of urban planning discipline. Individuals with different needs in the society (disabled, elderly, children, pregnant, and parents who use baby strollers, etc.) face many problems in urban interior and outdoor spaces. In this sense, the needs of everyone should be taken into consideration when planning and designing cities. In the theoretical background of the paper, the process of emergence of the universal design approach was evaluated in the historical process. Then, the principles, importance and integration of universal design concept into the urban planning discipline were discussed and recommendations were presented. The quality of life of everyone who live in the city will increase by planning and organizing urban spaces by taking into consideration the universal design principles.
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Keywords
Evrensel Tasarım, Engelli, Erişebilirlik, Şehir Planlama, Universal Design, Disabled, Accessibility, Urban Planning
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Volume
6
Issue
5
Start Page
94
End Page
111
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2
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