05. Fakülteler

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13091/6

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Citation - WoS: 25
Citation - Scopus: 29
Aerogels as Promising Materials for Antibacterial Applications: a Mini-Review
(ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2021) Kaya Güzel, Gülcihan; Aznar, Elena; Deveci, Hüseyin; Martinez-Manez, Ramon
The increasing cases of bacterial infections originating from resistant bacteria are a serious problem globally and many approaches have been developed for different purposes to treat bacterial infections. Aerogels are a novel class of smart porous materials composed of three-dimensional networks. Recently, aerogels with the advantages of ultra-low density, high porosity, tunable particle and pore sizes, and biocompatibility have been regarded as promising carriers for the design of delivery systems. Recently, aerogels have also been provided with antibacterial activity through loading of antibacterial agents, incorporation of metal/metal oxides and via surface functionalization and coating with various functional groups. In this mini-review, the synthesis of aerogels from both conventional and low-cost precursors is reported and examples of aerogels displaying antibacterial properties are summarized. As a result, it is clear that the encouraging antibacterial performance of aerogels promotes their use in many antibacterial applications, especially in the food industry, pharmaceutics and medicine.
Ancient Karez System in Afghanistan: the Perspective of Construction and Maintenance
(2019) Himat, Abobakar; Doğan, Selim
Ancient Karez has a history of millennium. Karez is underground tunnel which is constructed in ground by digging the main well of the system and extending underground tunnel in foothills of the mountains. This system extracts groundwater to surface by gravity without using any pumping equipment. Ancient Karez system is viable in hot, arid and semi-arid climate regions. These systems are one of the best ways of extracting groundwater by gravity in such poor regions. Minimum slope is vital for extracting groundwater to the surface in Karez system. In this study, the perspective of construction and maintenance of Karez system in Afghanistan is assessed. Information related to Karez construction and maintenance is provided in order to improve the quality of work during these processes. The Karez system cannot be used effectively if construction and maintenance processes are not carried out properly. This will affect agricultural productions, water supply and social life in the region. Some possible solutions are suggested for the mitigation of the risk of collapsing and extinction of Karez systems. Some recommendations are provided to encourage the associated organizations in Afghanistan for rehabilitation of Karez irrigation and water supply system.
Atıksu Arıtma Tesislerinde Mikrokirleticilerinizlenmesi ve Kontrolü
(2019) Kara, Meryem; Nas, Bilgehan; Argun, Mehmet Emin; Yel, Esra; Dinç, Saliha; Koyuncu, Serdar
Yerüstü ve yeraltı sularında su kalitesinin belirlenmesi için AB Su Çerçeve Direktifindeki 45 öncelikli maddede yer alan MK?lerin izlenmesi yönünde araştırmalar hızlanmıştır. Su kütlelerinde MK?lerin önemli kaynaklarından biri atıksu arıtma tesisleri (AAT)?dir. Bu projede, küçük, orta ve büyük ölçekli 3 yerleşim yerinde 3 farklı arıtma prosesinde MK?ler 1 yıl süreyle izlenmiş ve proseslerin MK?leri giderme performansları ortaya konulmuştur. MK gruplarından; pestisit (Kloropirifos, Atrazin, Klorfenvinfos), fitalat ester (BBP, DEHP, DnOP), yüzey aktif madde (Oktil fenol, Nonil fenol), PAH (Benzo[b]fluoranten, Benzo[k]fluoranten, Benzo(a)piren, Indeno[1,2,3-cd]piren, Benzo[g,h,i]perilen, Fluoranten, Antrasen, Naftalin), VOC (Diklorometan, Benzen, 1.2-dikloroetan), ilaç etken madde (Diklofenak, Karbamazepin, 17-beta-estradiyol, 17-alfa-etinilestradiol) ve ağır metallerden (Cd, Pb, Hg, Ni) toplam 27 MK izlenmiştir. Konya (İleri biyolojik arıtma), Ereğli (Anaerobik ve fakültatif stabilizasyon), Zincirlikuyu (Yapay sulak alan) AAT?lerinden, atıksu geri kazanım tesisinden, pilot ölçekli ultrafiltrasyon (UF), nanofiltrasyon (NF) ve ters osmoz (RO) ünitelerinden oluşan membran tesisten her numune alma döneminde 17 su, 6 çamur numunesi alınarak GC/MS, LC/MSMS ve ICP/MS?de MK ölçülmüştür. Tesislerin ve arıtma proseslerinin MK verileri arasındaki ilişkilerin anlamlılığının istatistiksel olarak ortaya konulabilmesi için saçılma diyagramları, kutu diyagramlar, varyans analizi ve Korelasyon hesaplamaları yapılmıştır. Atıksularda en yüksek konsantrasyonda tespit edilen MK?ler; sırası ile Ni, DEHP, Nonil fenol, Naftalin, Pb ve Diklofenak?dır. VOC?ler en düşük konsantrasyondadır ve görülme sıklığı çok düşüktür. Her üç AAT?de arıtılmış atıksuda; Ni, Pb, Hg, DEHP, Nonil fenol, Naftalin, Diklofenak, Karbamazepin hariç olmak üzere diğer MK?ler 100 ng/L?den düşüktür. %80?in üzerinde verimle arıtılan MK?ler Konya AAT?de Oktil fenol (%93,4), Nonil fenol (%92,7), Atrazin (%92,1), Naftalin (%91,5) ve DEHP (%89,3); Ereğli AAT?de Atrazin (%83,8)?dir. Zincirlikuyu AAT?de hiçbir parametrede %80?den fazla giderim gerçekleşmemiştir. Konya AAT?de Karbamazepin ve Ni, Zincirlikuyu AAT?de Nonil fenol negatif kütle dengesi görülen ve çıkış suyunda konsantrasyonları artan MK?lerdir. Membran proseslerden, UF?in MK gideriminde etkin olmadığı, NF?in 17 MK?de %50?den fazla giderim sağladığı görülmüştür. RO, NF?den sonra bazı MK?lerde ilave giderim sağlamıştır.
D2d-V2x Taxonomy and Architecture Towards 5g Mobile Communication (vol 9, Pg 155507, 2021)
(Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2021) He, Ying; Khan, Habib Ullah; Zhang, Kai; Wang, Wei; Choi, Bong Jun; Aly, Ayman A.; Aydoğdu, Ömer
[No Abstract Available]
Citation - WoS: 23
Detrimental Effects of Commonly Used Textile Dyes on the Aquatic Environment and Human Health - a Review
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2022) Yıldırım, Özlem Altıntaş; Bahadır, Mufit; Pehlivan, Erol
Properties and hazards of various dye and pigment families used during textile manufacturing (like yarns, cloths, nonwovens, outerwear, cashmere and rugs) are already reported in the literature. Synthetic organic dyes are currently known as water pollutants. Such dyes are widely used in a variety of industries, including textiles, tanning, cosmetics, and food stuff, as well as in human and veterinary healthcare. They are classified as reactive, dispersed, indigo, azo, sulphur, and basic dyes. They are found in liquid wastes from textile washing and pose a serious risk to the receiving water environment's quality, if not purified. Because of their widespread use and large-scale production, various synthetic dyes have found their way into various parts of the water and soil ecosystems. In fact, because these dyes and pigments are not biodegradable, their presence can cause drastic changes in the ecological conditions of aquatic animals and plants. This will have a negative impact on the aquatic environment's stability, resulting in serious and significant damages (algal blooms, oxygen depletion, colour, turbidity and bad smells), long-term dangers (persistence, bioaccumulation of cancer-causing aromatic products, and emergence of chlorination side products), and carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. This overview picks up scientific information on possible application fields, toxic effects, sources, environmental presence and the eventual demise of synthetic organic dyes, as well as the ecological effects of synthetic natural dyes existence in the general environment.
Developing Turbulent Flow in Pipes and Analysis of Entrance Region
(2021) Canlı, Eyüb; Bilir, Ali Şefik; Bilir, Şefik
Turbulent flows have complex structures due to its nature and its’ analyses are hard either by numerical or experimental means. Hydrodynamic development of turbulent flow is also complex. In this study, velocity and turbulence distributions in hydrodynamic entrance length of pipes are investigated numerically depending on axial and radial locations. Implications of these distributions are qualitatively evaluated in terms of heat transfer. Literature was surveyed for a single empirical expression that provides velocity profile directly according to Reynolds number, radial and axial locations. Requisite for computational fluid dynamics in hydrodynamic entry length of pipes is stressed by assessing turbulence magnitudes in radial and axial directions. Definition of the development length and effects of the definition in respect of heat transfer are discussed. An axisymmetric pipe entrance region was analyzed by means of a commercial CFD code with nondimensional parameters. Therefore, dimensional parameters reduce into one dimensionless independent parameter, i.e. Reynolds number. Four different Reynolds numbers that are 5x103 , 1x104 , 5x104 , 1x105 were used in calculations. k-? turbulence model and standard wall functions were used for turbulence modeling. Hydrodynamic entry length, velocity and turbulence values are presented by means of axial and radial profiles. According to the obtained results, two different directions of radial velocity component values exist in the hydrodynamic entry length that would lead to different radial thermal convection effects. It is found that simultaneously developing velocity profiles and turbulence quantities leads to a characteristic centerline velocity profile. Also, it is seen that a good resolution in hydrodynamic entrance length can be easily achieved by computational fluid dynamics. A detailed composition of hydrodynamic turbulent entrance length analysis, its physical explanations due to simultaneously developing hydrodynamic boundary layers and turbulence production, definition aspects of the entrance length in terms of heat transfer and literature survey for analytical solution of the region are provided.
Citation - WoS: 1
Development Process of Reconstruction Implementation Legislation in Turkey
(Geomatik Journal, 2022) Çay, Tayfun; Kandemir, Esra Sonel
In this study, legislation and amendments of first zoning law the of Republic of Turkey was published in 1985 to until present day was examined and the development process in the legislation was considered. There are many issues regarding zoning in the zoning legislation. And Many changes have been made over the years. In the study, while considering this development process, especially legal regulations and amendments for zoning implementations, development readjustment share rate and content and zoning amnesties brought to buildings against the zoning legislation were emphasized. The Zoning Laws in Turkey until today, are constructed according to the principle of equal proportion method. However, alternatively, as a necessity the method based on equivalence principle was recommended to be regulated and development readjustment share rate that should be determined according to the equivalence method was proposed.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 1
Dynamical Behavior of Rational Difference Equation /+ 1 +/-(vol 27, 49, 2021)
(SPRINGER INT PUBL AG, 2021) Oğul, Burak; Şimşek, Dağıstan; Öğünmez, Hasan; Kurbanlı, Abdullah Selçuk
[Abstract Not Available]
The Effect Of Aerophine 3418a Collector Dosage On Niğde (ulukışla-madenköy) Complex Pb-zn Sulphide Ore Flotation
(2021) Ağaçayak, Tevfik; Yılmaz, Nur Benan
In this study, grinding + flotation experiments were performed on the sample of complex Pb-Zn sulphide ore taken from Niğde (Ulukışla-Madenköy) region in Turkey. According to the mineralogical analysis of the ore sample used in experimental studies, it was determined that the ore composition contains calcite, quartz, pyrite, chalcopyrite, hematite, goethite, limonite, gypsum, galena, sphalerite, jarosite, arsenopyrite and marcasite minerals. In addition, Au and Ag grains were found to be inclusions in hematite, goethite and jarosite minerals. The experiments were carried out at a solid ratio of 30%, a flow rate of 10 L/min, a stirring rate of 1250 rpm and pH = 9. In flotation tests, lime is used as the pH regulator, zinc sulphate, sodium silicate as the depressant, sodium isobutyl dithiophosphine as the collector and methyl isobutyl carbinol as the frother. In the flotation studies, the effect of Aerophine 3418A collector dosage on flotation was investigated. As a result, a lead concentrate of 55.13% Pb was obtained and it was found that this concentrate contained 2489 ppm of Ag. The amount of Aerophine 3418A collector was determined as 10 g/t.
Foreword
(Springer New York LLC, 2019) Paksoy, Turan
[No abstract available]
Citation - WoS: 32
Citation - Scopus: 33
A General Review on the Thiospinels and Their Energy Applications
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021) Özel, F.; Kılıç, H. S.; Coşkun, H.; Deveci, I.; Sarılmaz, A.; Balıkçıoğlu, A.; Ersöz, M.; Kuş, Mahmut
Material science is one of the decisive tools toward engineering versatile compounds for numerous technological applications. Over the last decades, thiospinels have been attracting great interest because of their unique characteristics and potential utilizations offering innovative and interesting features. The characteristics of these transition metal sulfides play a key role in many different applications and make thiospinels an essential class of material. To the best of our knowledge, this work, for the first time, summarizes broadband studies on thiospinels reported in the literature. The scope of this review covers all synthesis methods applied over, the chemical and physical properties, and the clean energy applications of thiospinels, which have achieved tremendous significance. It underlined and proposed the challenges and future perspectives based on sulfur-based ternary compounds. Moreover, this review draws attention to the current and future research needs of thiospinel materials to improve and broaden their applications and thus commercialization. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Geo-Environmental Integration for Sustainable Development of Water, Energy, Environment and Society
(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2020) Ouessar, M.; Agoubi, B.; King, C.; Yadava, R. N.; Koçak, K.
Citation - WoS: 20
Citation - Scopus: 23
Investigation of Usability of Boron Doped Sheep Wool as Insulation Material and Comparison With Existing Insulation Materials
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Altın, Mustafa; Yıldırım, Giray Şamil
The limited energy resources in the world require maximum attention in energy saving and energy use. It has always been important to conserve energy by making thermal insulation in buildings which are one of the places where energy is used the most, and subsequently reducing environmental pollution as a result. The importance of existing thermal insulation materials in maintaining heat is already known. However, the damage they cause to the environment in their production is great, therefore insomuch that the manufacture and use of some insulation materials are prohibited. As a result, it is known that studies have been carried out to produce alternative thermal insulation materials. In this study, as a thermal insulation material, the usability of sheep wool which is an environmentally friendly, economical, and natural fiber, has been researched. A new insulation board was produced by adding boron to sheep wool, and this new insulation board was compared with rock wool and expanded polystyrene (EPS), which are widely used today. To carry out the experimental studies, an experiment building with full size and 3 rooms had been built. First, the building was completely covered with rock wool and the effect of the facades on the temperature and moisture in the environment was observed. Afterwards, as one room was covered with EPS and the other room was covered by the boron doped sheep wool insulation material, the insulation materials were compared wtih one another. In the experimental studies that was carried out, while rock wool gave the best results in ambient and surface temperature tests, EPS provided the best insulation in the moisture test. In the sound test, while rock wool and EPS absorbed the sound at very close decibel levels, the boron-doped sheep wool insulation material provided a higher level of sound insulation. In the experimental studies that was carried out, it has been determined that the boron-doped sheep wool insulation material has serious competition with both rock wool and EPS even with the first production of 10 mm.
Kırgızistan’da Öğrenci Adaylarının Üniversite Tercih Etme Nedenleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
(2021) Najımudınova, Seyil; İsmailova, Rita; Yılmaz, Kürşad; Oskonbaeva, Zamira; Şimşek, Dağıstan; Uulu, Mirzat Rakımbek
Bu araştırmanın amacı, Kırgızistan’da öğrenci adaylarının üniversite tercih etme nedenlerinin tespit edilmesidir. Tarama modelindeki araştırmada örneklem seçilmemiş, evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ancak bazı anketlerde işaretlemeler eksik yapıldığından sadece tam işa?retleme yapılan 7839 anket ile analizler yapılmıştır. Veriler, Öğrenci Adayı Görüşleri Anketi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre öğrenci adaylarının tercihlerini en çok etkileyen faktörler, öğretim kalitesi ve akademik kadro, imkânlar ve üniversitenin itibarıdır. Bu durum aday öğrencilerin genel ulusal sınav puanlarına ve geldikleri bölgelere göre değişiklik göstermemektedir. Aday öğrenciler üniversite hakkındaki bilgileri en çok, arkadaşlarından (öğrenciler ve mezunlar), TV, gazete, radyo, internet gibi ortam?lardan ve aile üyelerinden edinmişlerdir. Aday öğrencilerin bilgi kaynakları ile ilgili görüşleri, yıllara, genel ulusal sınav puanına ve bölgelere göre çok büyük değişiklikler göstermemektedir.
Lidar 3d Nokta Bulutu Verilerinin Konum ve Renközelliklerine Göre Bölütlenmesi
(2020) Baykan, Nurdan; Baykan, Ömer Kaan
Lidar (ışık algılayan ve mesafe ölçen) sistemler ile taranan çevre ve nesnelerin, üç boyutlu ve renkli 3D nokta bulutu verileri elde edilebilmektedir. Lidar teknolojisinin gün geçtikçe daha da gelişmesi ile birlikte, elde edilen verinin kalitesi artmakta (daha detaylı ve yüksek çözünürlüklü olmakta) ve bunun sonucu olarak da çok yüksek miktarlarda düzensiz bir veri yığını ortaya çıkmaktadır. Homojen özelliğe sahip ve konum olarak birbirine yakın veri elemanlarını gruplayarak, birlikte değerlendirilmesini sağlayan bölütleme aşaması, verinin beklenebilir bir zamanda işlenmesi ve nesnelerin ayırt ediciliği yüksek özelliklerinin ortaya çıkmasına imkân verdiği için 3D nokta bulutu işlemede önemli bir role sahiptir. Bölütleme işleminin de, veri miktarına ve kullanım amacına göre beklenebilir derecede hızlı çalışması ve doğru sonuçlar üretmesi önemli bir uğraş konusu olmuştur. Projede geliştirilen metot, bölütleme işlemini sadece yerel yüzeylerdeki nokta gruplarının oluşturdukları düzlemsel eğim açıları ve ağırlık merkezleri gibi basit geometrik özelliklerini kullanarak bölütleme yapabildiği gibi, verideki ayırt edici renk bilgisi yeterli olduğu takdirde noktaların renk özelliklerinden de faydalanabilmektedir. Proje kapsamında, birisi iç mekân ve ikisi dış mekân olmak üzere üç farklı ortam taranarak 3D nokta bulutu verisi temin edilmiştir. Bu ham nokta verileri, veri indirgeme ve/veya gürültü giderme gibi bazı ön işlemlerden geçirilmiş ve önişlem sonucunda bölütleme referans verisi hazırlanmak üzere her birinden örnek bir kesit alınmıştır. Böylece, referans verilerine sahip üç adet örnek bölütleme veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Hazırlanan referans veri setleri üzerinden, metodun nicel test sonuçları (doğruluk ve F1 skor değerleri) elde edilmiş ve literatürde başarı sağlamış metotlar ile hem bölütleme başarısı hem de işlem süresi göz önüne alınarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Test sonuçlarına bakıldığında, projede kapsamında geliştirilen metot 0.85 (%85) doğruluk ve 0.77 (%77) F1 skor ortalama değerleri ile diğer metotlarla karşılaştırıldığında bölütleme başarısı ve hız açısından üstünlük sağlamıştır.
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 4
A Literature Review on Deep Learning Algorithms for Analysis of X-Ray Images
(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2023) Seyfi, Gökhan; Esme, Engin; Yılmaz, Merve; Kıran, Mustafa Servet
Since the invention of the X-ray beam, it has been used for useful applications in various fields, such as medical diagnosis, fluoroscopy, radiation therapy, and computed tomography. In addition, it is also widely used to identify prohibited or illegal materials using X-ray imaging in the security field. However, these procedures are generally dependent on the human factor. An operator detects prohibited objects by projecting pseudo-color images onto a computer screen. Because these processes are prone to error, much work has gone into automating the processes involved. Initial research on this topic consisted mainly of machine learning and methods using hand-crafted features. The newly developed deep learning methods have subsequently been more successful. For this reason, deep learning algorithms are a trend in recent studies and the number of publications has increased in areas such as X-ray imaging. Therefore, we surveyed the studies published in the literature on Deep Learning-based X-ray imaging to attract new readers and provide new perspectives.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 84
A Literature Review on Walking Strategies of Legged Robots
(GAZI UNIV, 2020) Bakırcıoğlu, Veli; Kalyoncu, Mete
In this study, previous studies on legged motion; in particular, important milestones of the legged robots' literature were referred. From the past period research, primarily, studies on the walking of the living beings and the machines that can mimic it were mentioned. Subsequently, the history of legged robots that is the subject of the study was addressed. In the studies on the legged robots, two basic approaches as the walking strategy were concerned; static gait and dynamic gait. Due to this reason, the history of the legged robots was reported in chronological order under two main topics as Static Walking Legged Robots and Dynamic Walking Legged Robots. In the Static Walking Legged Robots topic, researches on the development of techniques for controlling of the multi-legged systems to cope with more complex problems of the land adaptation such as locomotion on rough surfaces and overcoming obstacles; as for in the Dynamic Walking Legged Robots topic, researches on the improvement of dynamic control concepts and techniques to develop legged systems with highly sophisticated mobility capabilities such as running and jumping are presented.
Numerical Examination of Heat Transfer Augmentation Between the Plates With Square Cross-Sectional Ribs for the Staggered Arrangement
(2020) Göktepeli, İlker; Atmaca, Ş. Ulaş
Heat transfer enhancement in the ducts is significantly related with flow separation and reattachment regions. Therefore, ribs are used to obtain the rotational flows in the vicinity of the wall since the fluctuations in the thermal and hydrodynamic boundary layers are effective for the increment of heat transfer by convection. Even though heat transfer surface area is enlarged by placing the ribs into the channels, the pressure loss due to the ribs has to be taken into account and controlled in these systems. Based on the aforementioned explanations, the square cross-sectional ribs have been mounted on the bottom and the top walls of horizontal parallel plates in terms of staggered arrangement. In the present paper, numerical analyses have been conducted via k-? SST turbulence model at Re = 10000, 15000 and 20000 for different spacing values between two successive ribs. For the constant rib dimensions, the ribbed models have been compared by referring to smooth plates as reference model. For this reason; time-averaged results including streamwise velocity components, temperature distributions, pressure values, streamline patterns and Nusselt numbers for the ribbed and the smooth plates have been separately presented and compared. Heat transfer has been enhanced due to the ribs deforming the hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layers. Furthermore, increasing the rib spacing and Reynolds number has enhanced Nusselt number. As observed, heat transfer has also been augmented by extending the distance between two successive ribs since fluid easily penetrates to the sink between them for the production of recirculation regions. However, in case of the ribbed models, there are gradual drop pressure values along the channel. For this reason, the rib effect on these values is much more as evidently observed at Re = 10000.
Preface
(Springer New York LLC, 2019) Paksoy, Turan; Weber, G.-W.; Huber, S.
[No abstract available]
Citation - Scopus: 1
Qcm Sensors Coated With Calix[4]arenes Bearing Sensitive Chiral Moieties for Chiral Discrimination of 1-Phenylethylamine Enantiomers (vol 95, Pg 35, 2019) [correction]
(SPRINGER, 2019) Özçelik, Egemen; Temel, Farabi; Erdemir, Serkan; Tabakcı, Begüm; Tabakcı, Mustafa
[Abstract Not Available]

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