05. Fakülteler

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Vernacular Settlements in Cultural Continuity Context
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2012) Yılmaz Çakmak, Bilgehan; Çınar, Kerim
Analysing vernacular settlements, in contex of reservation of cultural heritage and transferring local identity to future generations, are coming into prominence day by day. In this respect, Anatolia has rich sources in global literature ,especially in residental design. Vernacular settlements in :Middle Anatolia, are the best examples of the cultural herritage in terms of spatial organization and configuration characteristics. According to syntax of spaces and functional hiyerarshy, analysing the spatial structure of rural dwellings is very important Because these analyses helps us to explain and understand traditional space culture and effection of life style to spatial form. Konya as a research area, has significiant examples of residental culture in different geographies which consists of several topographic and climatic properties. By analysing rural dwellings in vernacular settlements, it is determined that, they are differentiated plain and mount dwellings according to life styles and environmental factors. It caused metamorphosis in spatial organization and functional structure by the reflection of user requirements. With the support of technological methods, analysing traditional spaces with modem techniques, is qualified as a "innovative movement". In this study a mathematical method called "space syntax" is used in proving the relation of spatial organization and social life. By using this technological method , some findings about functional structure and spatial connection occured. These findings are used to understand the relation of socio-cultural life and spatial configuration. As a conclusion, it is determined that the trails of culture can be seen in usage and syntax of spaces. The relation of social life and spatial configuration is provided as objective criterion with the help of technological method. And it is predicted as a innovative method in recent house designs.
Architectural Survey of the Vaults of Sangallo’s House in Florence
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2012) Belli, Gianluca; Bonora, Valentina; Guardini, Nadia; Güleç Korumaz, Saadet Armağan; Tucci, Grazia
1.1any technologies have been used in cultural heritage conservation and documentation in recent years. üne of these techniques, laser scanning which is increasingly becoming popular in late years is used for various purposes like surveying, modelling, archiving and visualization in the field of cultural heritage. Plenty of works have been done in heritage documentation with laser scanning technique allowing the user to achieve different information from a 3D model and helping to investigate the shape and components of heritage. This paper deals with how a 3D model can be used to identify the construction technique of heritage and the application of laser scanning for the generation of 3D models of the vaults in Sangallo's House in Firenze. The aim of this study is to compare the shape and the constructive techniques of surveyed vaults. To achieve this aim, we needed to obtain the thickness and the morphology of the vaults, and this information was provided by laser scanner survey. The paper presents applied technology and instruments used, steps of graphical evaluation and 3D, comparisons between the vaults. In order to make comparison, detailed surface modelling was needed to understand them and to be able to see the differences between construction techniques of the vaults. Leica HDS 6000 laser scanner was used for the generation of 3D model of the vaults. Then point clouds were registered in Cyclone. After that, cross sections were extracted from 3D model to understand vault thickness, shape and to have an idea about how they were built. The results will be displayed and evaluations will be made as conclusion.
Uav Systems for Documentation of Cultural Heritage
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2014) Güleç Korumaz, Saadet Armağan; Korumaz, Mustafa; Tucci, Grazia; Bonora, Valentina; Niemeier, Wolfgang; Riedel, Björn
Architectural documentation is an activity which requires getting information from different sources for complete and comprehensive analysis. In the field of architectural documentation different innovative systems have been developed in survey like digital photogrammetry and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). One of these techniques Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a digital camera have become one of the most promising techniques in last years. It opens various new applications in large scale and close-range and so becoming progressively common due to the considerable potentials in terms of accuracy, costs and abilities. Their capability of data acquisition with high resolution allows texture mapping on DSM (Digital Surface Model), 3D models and orthophotos. It is also possible to create mosaics, maps and drawings which can be used for image interpretation. These data can be applied to several applications including 3D documentation of environment, cultural heritage, monitoring and recording landscape data and infrastructural assets for risk analysis and management process. This paper discusses the potentials of UAVs in order to analyze, interpret and manage cultural heritage data through a case study (carried out before). It also presents the procedure of processing UAV data in order to create digital surface models and photo-realistic outputs for digital reconstruction models and visualization. The obtained results have been demonstrated with case study and general discussion has been made for evaluating potential of UAV technique for cultural heritage documentation.
Restoration Laboratory Class and the Role of Geomatics in Cultural Heritage Education
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2014) Güleç Korumaz, Saadet Armağan; Korumaz, Mustafa; Bonora, Valentina; Tucci, Grazia
Conservation-restoration education has been discussed in context of teaching methods, curriculums, quality of courses and interdisciplinary relations since Bologna Declaration has started. Conservation-restoration classes are generally devoted to give general knowledge about theoretical background of restoration and to make some practices related to theoretical part with preparation of restoration project. In recent years, innovative technologies have given different opportunities to conservation-restoration practice and its education as well. University of Florence Restoration Laboratory class gives both theoretical and practical courses with innovative approach and interdisciplinary study. In this course GECO3 Laboratory provides methodologies and tools with new techniques in documentation/surveying and analysis of cultural heritage. This support would be very effective for students’ future studies and practices in their professional life. The aim of this paper is to represent an approach to conservation-restoration education adopted by University of Florence, to explain possible integration between different disciplines and to emphasize the significance of geomatics laboratories in conservation-restoration education.
Cultural Identity in Contemporary Turkish Architecture Case Study in Konya
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2015) Canan, Fatih; Sayın, Selçuk; Korumaz, Mustafa
Today in many countries, new solutions and trends in architecture field to express cultural identity against the pressure of internationalism appear in different qualitative values. In the example of Turkey, even today, if the problem of the identity affirmation in architecture continues, in fact, the historical origin of this problem coincides with the last period of the Ottoman Empire and early Republican period. Since the 20s to today, we can see the efforts to reflect national and modern identity in architectural designs, especially in public buildings.. In this study, firstly, the relationship between architecture and identity will be examined. Then after, buildings reflecting identity trends designed by famous architects such as Sedat Hakkı Eldem and Turgut Cansever from different periods in Turkey will be presented. The current architectural achievements in the generality of our country will be reviewed by a critical perspective. The city of Konya will be chosen for the special study areas. These buildings are banks, administrative and culture buildings. Trend analysis of identities in the current architectural achievements will be realized taking into account the following criteria: the metaphor, interpretation - synthesis and direct imitation. The architectural elements belonging to the Seljuk Empire that Konya was the capital between 11 th and 13 th century, will be frequently present in the selected samples. In conclusion, the defended ideas will be the following: New products of art and architecture should always be designed with an original and innovative approach. The use of direct imitation in new architectural achievements to establishing a link with the past does not always positive effect on architectural quality. The historic architectural elements used in order to create an identity in modern architecture should be interpreted with caution.
The Increase of Prestige Gated Communities in Consumption Culture and The Reasons for Their Increasing
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2015) Yıldız Kuyrukçu, Emine; Ulusoy, Mine; Kuyrukçu, Zafer
Gated communities are the new forms of residential settlements, which emerged as a response to changing urban dynamics, becoming increasingly common across the world. Fenced or walled off from the surrounding and limiting the access of the nonresidents, gated communities are in an attempt to create an alternative way of living by eliminating the disadvantages of the ordinary city life and providing secure, well-managed, well-maintained and peaceful environments. On the other hand, gated communities are open to ongoing discussions and controversies. Gating attitude is mostly criticized in many fields, especially causing corruptions on the social and physical cohesion of the cities. Turkey is also witnessing these conflicts by the growing number of private residential areas.The start of constructing gated communities for higher-income people in Konya after 1990 points out a significant transformation in terms of city planning, city management and urban class relations. These housing areas having controlled-entrances are the settlement areas that are based on automobile ownership, separated from their environment using barriers such as walls-fences etc., and differentiating from urban life in terms of physical texture and socio-economy. The basic question to be answered is, why people choose to live in these prestige islands. In the this study ,the formation period and formation factors of the gated communities were evaluated with the examples in Konya and the parameters providing user satisfaction in these houses were investigated. With the findings of survey, the models for gated communities in Konya such as Meram Yeni Yol Houses was taken into consideration as the sampling area. The user profile and common characteristics of these houses, the reasons for preferring these houses, the satisfactions of their users were analyzed by the help of polls and oral interviews. In the conclusion chapter, the findings of the poll study from which various results were also derived were evaluated. The reasons for preferring gated communities and user profile were defined, and some foresights and suggestions were made on the future of these houses.
The Emergence of Studio Apartments
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2016) Ulusoy, Mine; Özkaynak, Merve
The first studio-type residences that emerged in America have become widespread throughout the world in the coming years. The studio flourished as an American culture in Turkey, in order to meet the need for single-person living. During the 19th century, immigrants from America and other European countries, mostly from Great Britain and Ireland, have been migrated. The search for solutions to these housing problems has created studio-type apartments. Immigration has resulted in millions of people coming to the media in bad conditions and bringing legal solutions to the agenda. In this study; The socio-cultural and architectural qualities of the concept of the studio apartment in America, which is frequently seen in recent years in Turkey, have also been examined.
The Implementation of Sustainable Approaches in the Architectural Design Studio Developing Architectural Designs Using the Solar Envelope Method
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2016) Canan, Fatih; Tosunlar, Mehmet Bahadır
Teaching students the notion of sustainability during their architectural education is of great importance. The architectural design studio course is the most important environment in which theory and practice can be brought together. In this study, the development of architectural design by using the solar envelope method–which can be considered within the scope of sustainable architectur–was examined in the architectural design studio course in the department of architecture in our university. In the design studio, students had the opportunity to directly observe the impact and use of scientific information that is often difficult to obtain and access. The advantages and disadvantages that appear during the application of this mentioned method was identified based on the observations that were made, and feedback was provided by the students. This method helped the students in conceiving architectural projects in the context of sustainability in a more applied way rather than as a superficial and solely theoretic concept. Through this method, students have gained additional sensitivity regarding solar architecture and perceived its effect on form and space. According to the feedback obtained from students, the most important disadvantage was design freedom. Students found it stringent to be bound to make their designs within very well established boundaries from the early stages. The authors think that the limitations increased creativity and allowed interesting and unusual solutions. The projects were all formed on the basis of the rhythm of nature, which attached more value and meaning to architecture.
Urban Design Project for Historical Mevlana Türbeönü Square and Holistic Protection of Environment and Reassessment
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Oral, Murat
Urban design project for historical Mevlana Türbeönü Square and immediate environment is a study conducted on the request of Metropolitan Municipality of Konya. This project covers draft of an urban design project in an area of approximately 25,000 m2 regarding to Konya Türbeönü Square in direction of primarily city development plan decisions. The target is to be able execute a study which can be integrated with the existing urban recreation fabric and which may provide a concept idea to the urban fabric which shall be in the extents o Konya Türbeönü Square. This study shall be a driving force for development of cultural, artistic and recreation structure of the city in a totality and shall provide hints which shall ensure transformation of the fabric in its immediate environment within the process.
Tarımsal Sulama Amaçlı Derin Kuyulardaki Değişik Pompa Çalışma Koşullarında Suyun Kuyu İçindeki Davranışlarının Araştırılması
(2017) Çalışır, Sedat; Özbek, Osman; Şeflek, Ali Yavuz; Durdu, Akif; Özkan, Ali Müjdat
Bu çalısmada derin kuyulardaki pompaj sırasında kuyu içindeki suyun davranısları arastırılmıstır. Çalısmada degisik kuyu tasarımı, pompa anma çapı ve debilerinde kuyu içindeki suyun hızı, vorteks olusumu, düsüm seviyesi ve kritik dalma derinligi gibi fiziksel büyüklükler belirlenmistir. Arastırma S.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Makineleri ve Teknolojileri Mühendisligi Bölümündeki sulama amaçlı derin kuyu pompası test ünitesinde, ISO EN TS 9906 standardı esas alınarak yürütülmüstür. Bu arastırma projesinde elektronik, jeoloji ve tarım makineleri mühendisligi alanındaki uzman partnerler yer almıstır. Sabit hidrolik düsey yük ve teçhiz boru anma çapında yürütülen arastırma sonucunda asagıdaki bilimsel temel veriler elde edilmistir. Pompa anma çapı arttıkça kuyuda meydana gelen düsüm seviyesi artmıstır. Pompaj debisi arttıkça kuyuda meydana gelen düsüm seviyesi artmıstır. Aynı debilerde, dalgıç derin kuyu pompaları, milli derin kuyu pompalarına göre daha büyük düsüm seviyesine neden olmustur. Kuyu filtresini uzunlugu arttıkça kuyuda meydana gelen düsüm seviyesi azalmıstır. Kuyu çakıl zonu kalınlıgı arttıkça kuyuda meydana gelen düsüm seviyesi artmıstır. Kuyu tasarımında kullanılan filtre tipine göre kuyuda meydana gelen düsüm seviyeleri degisiklik göstermistir. Derin kuyu pompalarında debi arttıkça kritik dalma derinligi artmıstır. Pompa anma çapı arttıkça kritik dalma derinligi azalmıstır. Filtre tipi ve uzunlugu ile çakıl zonu kalınlıgı gibi kuyu donanımı parametreleri kritik dalma derinligine etkisi bulunamamıstır. Kritik dalma derinligi, vorteks olusum derinliginden daha yüksek düzeyde gerçeklesmistir.
The Adaptive Reuse of Kirkuk Citadel [conference Object]
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Mokhtar, Mustafa; Korumaz, Mustafa
Knowledge and memory influence the interpretations of a built environment, implying particular expectations in regard to the built environments and their roles in a society. People and their culture constitute the spirits of a building and a space. Memory also can dominate many heritage users, individuals, social and political groups over many centuries. Memory and spirit of cultural heritage enriches cultural identity under the global development. The adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is valued for the contribution for social and environmental sustainability as well as retaining memory. The inherent value of cultural heritage components and their place within the community’s memory helps to reinforce sense of place. In conservation sense identity, memory and the relationships of people give cultural significance to historical places. Evolution of the built environments bridges past and present to the future and embrace memory. However the cities as organisms are in a dilemma along with the loss of city memories and city spirits. These collective memories that bring spirits to a place play very important role and determine the cultural significance of places. The main contribution of this study is to emphasize the importance of adaptive reuse as a carrier of spirits to have a collective memory in order to sustain the development of a place. This article explores the relations between spirit and memory of a place by focusing of adaptive reuse project in Kirkuk citadel. Aim of this study is to question and evaluate restoration of Kirkuk Citadel in terms of urban identity and sense of place referring the early Kirkuk city and development of it. This paper also intends to put important guidelines for the future restoration projects of Kirkuk citadel – which is very urgently required – and high lights the importance of revitalizing this area, which is now the semi-dead heart of the city. The paper advocates policy makers is to increase the adaptive reuse policy as an integral tool of regeneration and sustainability policies in order not to lose collective memory.
Experimental Approach on the Cognitive Perception of Historic Urban Skyline
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) H. Bostancı, Seda; Oral, Murat
In a lifetime, human brain constitutes cognitive models for various conditions and events in order to be able to adapt to the environment and lead a life based on experiences. Based on multidimensional sensory experiences, people create an internal model of a city and they use this model as a mental sketch in their new urban space experiences. Cognitive mapping methods create qualified data for way-finding and the process of classifying the stimuli of the living area and carrying out spatial designs that promote quality of life. Aesthetic perception of the urban pattern consists of keeping the skylines of a city in memory and being able to create an image in mind. Urban skylines can be classified basically in three categories as the historic skyline, complex skyline in which new and higher structures are dominant and mixed skyline which is a combination of these two situations. The aim of the study is to investigate how the image created by the skylines of historic cities can be expressed by drawing. The basic differences among the cognitive mapping techniques and the cognitive perception and the schematic display of a skyline can be discussed through this experimental approach. This study aims to do experimental research among a group of architecture students who are strong at drawing and schematic expressions. The selected group of samples will be asked to draw (1) the schematic skyline images of the city they live in and a city they have visited as far as they remember, (2) examined how they draw a skyline and how much time it takes after they are shown a skyline of a historic city chosen in a certain time, (3) watch a video on the streets of two different cities they have seen or haven't seen before, and asked to draw a skyline of the city based on what they have watched. Finally, these different situations will be analysed. In the experimental study, After 3 days, drawing the best remembered skyline image will be requested from students. And what the sample group have thought in this selection in terms of aesthetics will be measured with the semantic differential and the adjective pairs. Participants will be asked to draw the catchy image of the skyline shown in order to compare the experimental methods and the subjective aesthetic evaluation methods. Observation-based determinations will be realized by the analysis of these drawings and the adjective pairs. In this way, the relation between the skyline perception and the aesthetic experience in urban life will be discussed.
Evaluation of Sille Settlement in the Context of Ecological Tourizm
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Oktaç Beycan, Arife Deniz
In our time people began to search for resting in historical, cultural and natural environments being other than coast, sea and urban tourism and they began to prefer different tourism activities. Tourism requests focusing on traditional settlements with cultural and natural values, have causes a sustainable tourism approach to come out. Ecological tourism, which is one of the sustainable tourism types, is being used as a development tool by protecting the history, culture and nature. Ecological tourism has the least impact on natural environment, ecological and cultural heritage while it contributes to the tourism area where it is applied by protecting values, providing local economical benefits and with the educational aspects it has. In the study it is being focused on making use of Sille, which is newly opened to tourism as having natural, historical and cultural structure and bearing value with regards to alternative tourism, through ecological tourism. In the first part of the study ecological tourism has been defined. In the second part natural, cultural and architectural features of Sille have been explained and in the third part changes lived through in Sille with regards to sociocultural and architectural aspects have been mentioned. As the conclusion the particulars to be realized in Sille with regards to ecological tourism have been recommended in order to protect its values and to benefit from tourism while transfering these values to the future.
The Adaptive Reuse of Kirkuk Citadel [article]
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Mokhtar, Mustafa Sabah Saleh; Korumaz, Mustafa
Knowledge and memory influence the interpretations of a built environment, implying particular expectations in regard to the built environments and their roles in a society. People and their culture constitute the spirits of a building and a space. Memory also can dominate many heritage users, individuals, social and political groups over many centuries. Memory and spirit of cultural heritage enriches cultural identity under the global development. The adaptive reuse of heritage buildings is valued for the contribution for social and environmental sustainability as well as retaining memory. The inherent value of cultural heritage components and their place within the community’s memory helps to reinforce sense of place. In conservation sense identity, memory and the relationships of people give cultural significance to historical places.Evolution of the built environments bridges past and present to the future and embrace memory. However the cities as organisms are in a dilemma along with the loss of city memories and city spirits. These collective memories that bring spirits to a place play very important role and determine the cultural significance of places. The main contribution of this study is to emphasize the importance of adaptive reuse as a carrier of spirits to have a collective memory in order to sustain the development of a place. This article explores the relations between spirit and memory of a place by focusing of adaptive reuse project in Kirkuk citadel. Aim of this study is to question and evaluate restoration of Kirkuk Citadel in terms of urban identity and sense of place referring the early Kirkuk city and development of it. This paper also intends to put important guidelines for the future restoration projects of Kirkuk citadel – which is very urgently required – and high lights the importance of revitalizing this area, which is now the semi-dead heart of the city. The paper advocates policy makers is to increase the adaptive reuse policy as an integral tool of regeneration and sustainability policies in order not to lose collective memory.
Recognition of the Concept of Urban Identity Through the Place Attachment Case Study: Konya, Alaaddin Hill
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Khaleghimoghaddam, Navid; Yılmaz Çakmak, Bilgehan
The “place attachment” is a definition by the meeting point of activities, functional elements, and abstract meanings of the place. A place can come to the scene by the place attachment which has emotional and behavioral characteristics for people. Squares, plays an important role in conceptual, functional and physical aspects at the point of increasing the quality of urban spaces. In this context, it is an important issue to consider the impressive factors that connect people to the space and the square, in the case that the squares are desired, preferred and identity-possessed. This research examines the concept of place attachment through the process of environmental psychology, explains the factors of feeling belonging to the place, and examines the role of place in the formation of the desired and identifiable urban squares. It is based on a cognitive approach aimed at evaluating space perception on Alaaddin Hill in Konya city. This research and field study was carried out by observation and questionnaire on square users, and as well as by analyzing descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study show that most of the users have place attachment. Thus, the user's perception and mind, proves that this square has an impressive role in gaining identity. The article thus prove that there is a relationship between place attachment and space identity, which can be addressed in the design of urban squares. Alaaddin Mosque from the Seljuk period is at the center of this square and is considered as an important factor in the user's place attachment. The easy and convenient access to the meadow enhances, the presence of trees, plants and landscapes, cafes, walking routes, located in the square of the city center and appropriate abstract and concrete landscapes increases the feeling of being connected to the place. It is expected that the results of this research will be effective in designing new squares of contemporary cities.
Touristic Accommodation Facilities in the Light of Ecological Approaches
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Kürüm Varolgüneş, Fatma; Canan, Fatih
Depending on the intense life of modern human, the desire for recreation, entertainment and discovering different places has caused the concept of tourism to grow and diversify day by day. The phenomenon of tourism that has developed after 1990s had faced a burst after 1980s and the people has filled the coasts with hotels in order to access the triple of 'sea, sand and sun'. The significant damages caused by mass tourism have directed the tourism industry to alternative tourism types and to design of facilities adopting ecological approach. The designs formed in the light of ecological approaches are reviving the local memory by reflecting the characteristics of the relevant area, and are revealing structural approaches which are susceptible to environment. In this context, the examples of touristic buildings at different areas of the world which are designed based on the ecological architecture criteria had been reviewed in literature, and the contribution they provide to natural environment had been searched. As the result of these researches, the principles that are being based on the design of ecological touristic accommodation facilities had been determined, and the contribution of these buildings to nature had been revealed. It is being observed that the selected and examined touristic facilities bear traces peculiar to the area they are constructed, and that they support the ecological facility comprehension through their materials, formal characteristics which are in conformity with nature, and through their approaches that are not constituting waste material in nature, using the energy efficiently and imposing restrictions on consumption of natural resources. As the result of this research, it will be tried to determine what kinds of principles are being based on in the formation of ecological touristic accommodation facilities.
Experimental Approach on the Cognitive Perception of Historical Urban Skyline
(Konya Technical University Faculty of Architecture and Design, 2017) Bostancı, Seda H.; Oral, Murat
In a lifetime, human brain constitutes cognitive models for various conditions and events in order to be able to adapt to the environment and lead a life based on experiences. Based on multidimensional sensory experiences, people create an internal model of a city and they use this model as a mental sketch in their new urban space experiences. Cognitive mapping methods create qualified data for way-finding and the process of classifying the stimuli of the living area and carrying out spatial designs that promote quality of life. Aesthetic perception of the urban pattern consists of keeping the skylines of a city in memory and being able to create an image in mind. Skylines are three dimensional urban landscapes which has a prime role in urban design studies. Urban skylines are the reference points for the historical perception of the environmental image. Urban skylines can be classified basically in three categories as the historical skyline, complex skyline in which new and higher structures are dominant and mixed skyline which is a combination of these two situations. The postcards and information guides for cities are important references in representing the identity for historical cities. The photographs seen in information guide books and postcards are attractive points for citizens and visitors of the cities. The fact that cities are changing constantly shows that cities like İstanbul, which are famous for their coastal skyline can protect the holistic aesthetic value of their very limited textures but cause a dramatic change and a chaotic visual effects within their urban transformation process. One of the major fundamental research areas of this study is to determine how these changes affect the memory. The aim of the study is to investigate how the image created by the skylines of historical cities can be expressed by drawing. The basic differences among the cognitive mapping techniques and the cognitive perception and the schematic display of a skyline can be discussed through this experimental approach. This study aims to do experimental research among a group of architecture students who are strong at drawing and schematic expressions. The selected group of samples will be asked to draw (1) the schematic skyline images of the city they live in and a city they have visited as far as they remember, (2) examined how they draw a skyline and how much time it takes after they are shown a skyline of a historical city chosen in a certain time, (3) watch a video on the streets of two different cities they have seen or haven't seen before, and asked to draw a skyline of the city based on what they have watched. Finally, these different situations will be analyzed. In the experimental study, After 3 days, drawing the best remembered skyline image will be requested from students. And what the sample group have thought in this selection in terms of aesthetics will be measured with the semantic differential and the adjective pairs. Participants will be asked to draw the catchy image of the skyline shown in order to compare the experimental methods and the subjective aesthetic evaluation methods. Observation-based determinations will be realized by the analysis of these drawings and the adjective pairs. In this way, the relation between the skyline perception and the aesthetic experience in urban life will be discussed.
Cam Tozunun Beton Basınç Dayanımına Etkisi
(2018) Uzun, Mehmet; Çöğürcü, Mustafa Tolga; Keskin, Ülkü Sultan
Çimento üretimi ile ortaya çıkan karbondioksit salınımı nedeni ile son yıllarda çimento yerine kullanılabilecek malzeme arayışlarında bir artış görülmektedir. Çimentoya eklenti olarak kullanılan bu tür malzemeler genelde endüstriyel atıklardan tercih edilerek çevre kirliliğini önlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Cam tozunun beton karışımında çimentoya eklenti olarak kullanılması da çevresel atıkların değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Pencere ve kapılarda kullanılan camlar, ampüllerde kullanılan camlar, süs eşyalarında kullanılan camların tamamı camın kırılması ile atık hale gelmekte ve kullanılamaz olmaktadır. Bu camların mikron seviyesinde öğütülmesi ile tekrardan kullanıma kazandırılması mümkün olmaktadır. Camın kimyasal içeriği incelendiğinde çimentoya benzer kimyasal birleşimlerden oluştuğu ve çimentonun gerçekleştirdiği kimyasal tepkimeleri sağlayabileceği görülmektedir. Bu özelliği kullanılarak çimento yerine çevre dostu bir malzeme olarak kullanılması mümkün olmaktadır. Bu çalışma da bir kontrol numunesi ve cam tozunun çimento yerine sırasıyla %10, %15 ve %20 oranlarda kullanıldığı karışımlar hazırlanmıştır. Buhar kürü uygulanan karışımların 7 günlük ve 28 günlük basınç dayanımları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma neticesinde cam tozunun beton basınç dayanımını %20 oranında artırdığı gözlenmiştir.
Usability of Turkish National Gnss Permanent Network-Active Points for Detecting Deformations
(IEEE, 2018) Gündüz, Ahmet Mete; İnal, Cevat; Yıldırım, Ömer
Measurement and analyzing of deformations are one of the important subjects of geodesy. The effects of possible damages can be decreased by determining the deformations on earth crust and engineering structures. Both to lower the operating expenditure and to be assumed that there is no deformation during the measurement period, deformation measurements should be performed in a short time. At the present time, GNSS technique is used commonly to determine the deformations. In this study, it was investigated the usability of the Turkish National GNSS Permanent Network-Active (TNGPN-Active) points to determine the deformations. For this purpose, a pillar was established on the garden of Kutahya Environment and Urban Ministry Provincial Directorate. A mechanism which is for creating virtual deformation on the pillar was produced in high accuracy by using CNC machining center. The GNSS receiver was placed on the levelled mechanism and shifted with 1 cm interval along 20 cm on East-West, North-South and vertical directions. The GNSS measurements which were collected for 24 hours on the mechanism were adjusted based on the TNGPN-Active points which names are HARC, BILE, KUTA, ESKS, EMR1, AFYN, USAK, DEIR by using Bernese v5.2 Scientific GNSS software. The GNSS data which were collected were separated 6, 12 and 24 hourly parts while it was being processed. For any situations, cartesian coordinates of the points (X, Y, Z) and their root mean square errors (rmse) were calculated. The deformation analyses were performed for each situation by using the cartesian coordinates and the rmse. At the end of the analyses; it was reached the consequences that by using 12 and 24 hourly data which have 30 seconds data record interval is able to determine for 1 cm deformation on horizontal direction, by using 24 hourly data is able to determine for 1 cm deformation on vertical direction. In addition, the cartesian coordinates were transformed to projection coordinates for the purpose of comparing the shifting amount with the value which was calculated with measurements, the amount which was calculated from coordinates had been compared with the amount which was given as virtualy. At the end of the comparing, it was seen that when the measurement time increases, the virtual shifting amounts and the calculated values get closer to each others.
Safranbolu Tabakhane Binası Yeniden Kullanım Olanaklarının Değerlendirilmesi
(IKSAD Publishing House, 2018) Özeren, Ömer; Korumaz, Mustafa
Safranbolu tarihi ve kültürel zenginliği ile UNESCO tarafından kabul edilen dünya mirası kentleri arasındadır. Geleneksel Türk evlerinin yer aldığı Türk toplum, mahalle yapısının sergilendiği müze kenttir. Kent merkezinin bulunduğu çukur bölgesi dönemin ticaret merkezidir. Farklı gelir kaynaklarına sahip olan kent deri sektöründe döneminde önemli merkezlerden birisidir. Bu sebeple döneminde aktif olarak işletilen 48 adet tabakhane atölyesi bulunmaktadır. Günümüze ulaşan tescilli 12 adet tabakhane binası bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri olan kaderine terk edilmiş Safranbolu Tabakhane Binasının yeniden kentte kazandırılması çalışmamanın amacıdır. Çalışma kapsamında; Türkiye’de mimari yönüyle önemli tabakhane binalarının genel bilgilerine ulaşarak Safranbolu Tabakhane binasının tarihi, sanatsal, mimarı, kentsel araştırmaların belgeleme çalışması ve yeniden kullanım olanaklarına yönelik değerlendirmeler yapmaktır. Kente yeniden kazandırılması düşünülen tabakhane binasının, yurtiçi ve yurtdışında ki tabakhane binalarıyla benzer ve farklı yönleri incelenmiştir. Kaderine terk edilen bu yapı grubunun fiziksel özellikleri ve mekan potansiyelleri göz önünde bulundurularak nasıl kullanılabileceğine yönelik karar destek yöntemleri kullanılarak sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.

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