05. Fakülteler

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13091/6

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 135

The Adsorption of Cr(vi) and Organic Matter by New Generation Pyrolysis Char
(2021) Kalem, Merve; Yel, Esra; Arıkan, Zafer
Waste vehicle tires (WT) and high density polyetylene (HDPE) were pyrolyzed at 300, 500 and 700°C by slow pyrolysis. Solid product (pyrolysis char) were collected and pyrolysis char was used as adsorbent for COD and Cr(VI) removal. The char samples were characterized by BET, EDS, SEM and XRD analysis. Based on the BET, SEM and XRD results of the char samples, WT 700 can be used as adsorbents for Cr (VI) and organic material adsorptions. Cr(VI) and COD removal efficiency of char adsorbent were investigated. In the adsorption experiments, char was used as 0.1-0.5 g/100 mL doses and at 50°C and 80°C adsorption temperatures. The effects of adsorption temperature and char dosage on the adsorption efficiency were invesitigated. The maximum Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of this new generation char was found to be 14.09 mg/g for 80°C adsorption temperatures. 0.5 g/100 mL adsorbent dose was bettter in COD and Cr (VI) removals. The correlation of PSD1 (pseudo first order kinetic model) was better than PSD2 (pseudo second order kinetic model) for all doses. The Temkin and Langmuir isotherms were better isotherm for COD and Cr(VI) removals, respectively. A new approach were present to evaluation of waste HDPE and waste tires with this study.
Air Quality of O3 and No2 Timeline Changes in Konya City Center
(2021) Toros Hüseyin; Mankolli Hysen; Dursun, Şükrü
In cases that air quality will change the living health or environmental quality, the composition of the air should not change or the substances that are dangerous to be in the air that not be present in the atmosphere. Air pollution, which is a result of urbanization and fuel use brought about by different life styles, can cause a dangerous impact area on a global scale as well as in Turkey. Air pollution has a significant impact on human health, so the issue of air quality is of great importance all over the world. The management of the parameters related to the outdoor air quality is carried out in accordance with the Air Quality Assessment and Management Regulation. A country's orregion's success in improving and protecting the air quality, local and national air pollution problems, and the support of citizens who are well informed and informed about the developments in pollution reduction are needed. For the investigation of air pollution in Konya, NO2 and O3 parameters have been evaluated. The stations are statistically analysed according to the measurement results made in the required periods. As a result of this, it is aimed to study on the continuously measured parameters and their effects, what the necessary measures should be in order to reduce the effect and what the applications could be by evaluating and graphing the data. In this study, the effect of temporal NO2 and O3 changes on air quality was evaluated.
Citation - Scopus: 2
Air Quality Status in Konya City Centre, Konya, Turkey During Pandemic Covid-19
(Institute of Physics, 2022) Yahaya, N. Z.; Jalaludin, J.; Toros, H.; Dursun, S.
High developed industry regions, provincial centers with a heavy traffic and dense populations with cold winters, using low-quality fossil fuel consumption have an effect on quality of life especially for people with respiratory diseases. The air quality data gathered from air monitoring stations for the City Center of Konya, Turkey were analysed statistically during the period when curfew due to the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The restrictions that cause the reduction of vehicle exhaust emissions, which are important factors in the formation of some air pollutants, are thought to be effective in improving the air quality as well as meteorological conditions are effective on the days when the air quality is analysed. It is thought that the reduction in HC, NOx, CO and PM emissions, which can be evaluated as exhaust emissions, will be an effective factor due to the restrictions of Covid-19 pandemic. Comparing between the 2019 and 2020 MCO data, we identified that most of the gases decreased with NO2 (-24 ?g/m3), SO2 (-24 ?g/m3), CO (-37 ?g/m3) and an increment of O3 of +50 ?g/m3 which indicates that the MCO and restricted of movement were give an impact to air quality levels in Konya City. The increase in O3 values were found by the existing of the sun rays in the atmosphere with the formation of O3 during the clean air period. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 7
Alternative Approach for Safe Disposal of Dry Olive Pomace: Pyrolysis With/Without Physical Preprocessing
(SPRINGER, 2020) Dinç, Gamze; Yel, Esra
The aim of this study is to present an alternative approach for disposal by using pyrolysis for dry olive pomace (which is the leftover portion of raw olive pomace), which constitutes a problem in olive oil production facilities. In this context, dry olive pomace was pyrolyzed at 600 degrees C and two different pyrolysis durations: 5 degrees C/min heating rate without retention (total pyrolysis duration is 80 min) and 1 degrees C/min heating rate with 30-min retention after reaching target pyrolysis temperature (total pyrolysis duration is 550 min). Afterward, the effects of the dry olive pomace mixed with the olive mill wastewater and the pomace particle size during the pyrolysis process were evaluated in terms of pyrolysis product yields, inorganic contents of chars and organic fractions of bio-oil. While mixing of pomace within the wastewater resulted in an increase in the pyrolysis liquid, the effects of pomace particle size on pyrolysis product yields changed based on the pyrolysis conditions. A decrease in the particle size from 2 to 0.85 mm resulted in an increase in gas by 37.3% and a decrease in liquid by 37% at the pyrolysis process of 80 min. Furthermore, the decrease in the pomace size in grinding preprocess enhanced pyrolysis liquid quality in terms of a decrease in oxygenated compounds by 5-13% and an increase in aliphatic compounds by 7-20% at both pyrolysis durations. Consequently, dry olive pomace pyrolysis can be stated as one of the effective alternatives for safe disposal by converting waste into useful end products. Graphic abstract
Citation - WoS: 1
Ambient Particle Matter Pollution of Bosnia District of Konya City, Turkey
(HEALTH & ENVIRONMENT ASSOC, 2019) Dursun, Şükrü
Population growth, urbanization, industrialization and migration have been effected in city in the recent century since the beginning of the world is the most important problems. Konya city Turkey during last 2-3-decade, important province pile pollution has increased a median. Air pollution, which started to be effective after 1975 in Konya, is the most important question of the city today. Konya Metropolitan Municipality Environmental Protection and Control Department's regulation on the subject continues air pollution follows: It is important to board of directors with air pollution. The air quality measuring devices of Konya city are monitored on the regularly and are also shared online for the public to follow. In addition, the appearance of polluting sources influences the causes of a pollutant (Industry, Traffic and Domestic Business) in the city. For this purpose, the project of Modelling Air Quality and Creating Clean Air Action Plans was launched in 2017. Air Pollution monitoring project results, which were prepared and completed in 2009, are aimed to be prepared and already underway. It focusses on reducing airborne levels towards this goal; we evaluate it in every dimension and implement the explanation. Bosnia district of the Konya is the most fast-growing part with parallel to increasing university student in the region. In this study atmospheric particle matter levels were investigated and modelled. Evaluation and evaluation of the measurement results were made by Surfer v8 program and modelling maps were created. Form the results of this study; source of air pollution will be investigated. As a result of the evaluation of the measurement results made at 22 different points, it was observed that when the assessment was made according to the WHO and EPA, values were higher than the limit values at some measurement points.
ANAEROBİK ÇAMUR ÇÜRÜTÜCÜLERDE FARKLI KATI MADDE ALIKONMA SÜRELERİNDE UÇUCU YAĞ ASİTLERİ VE ALKALİNİTENİN BİYOGAZ ÜRETİM VERİMİNE ETKİLERİ
(2022) Nas, Bilgehan; Koyuncu, Serdar
Yenilenebilir enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilecek biyokütleden bir tanesi de atıksu arıtma tesislerinde arıtma sonrası oluşan arıtma çamurlarıdır. Arıtma çamurlarının anaerobik proseslerde çürütülmesi ile biyogaz eldesi mümkün olmaktadır. Atıksu arıtma tesislerinin işletme maliyetlerinin önemli bir kısmını enerji maliyetleri oluşturmaktadır. Anaerobik çamur çürütücülerinde maksimum verimin sağlanabilmesi için prosesin optimum katı madde alıkonma süresi (SRT)’de ve işletme parametre değerlerinde çalıştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; 200 bin m3/gün kapasiteli olan ve 4 kademeli Bardenpho prosesinden oluşan Konya kentsel atıksu arıtma tesisinde bulunan 4 adet mezofilik anaerobik çamur çürütücülerde gerçek ölçekli bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Ortalama işletme sıcaklığı ve hacimleri aynı olan referans ve denek çürütücüler seçilmiştir. Referans çürütücüde, tasarım değeri olan SRT 20 gün olacak şekilde 240 gün boyunca, denek çürütücülerde ise SRT 17 ve 23 gün olacak şekilde 120’şer gün boyunca gerçek ölçekli proses işletilmiştir. Anaerobik çamur çürütücülerin işletme parametrelerinden olan Uçucu Yağ Asitleri (UYA) ve Alkalinite değerlerinin farklı SRT’lerde biyogaz üretimine olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. SRT 17, 20 ve 23 gün için sırasıyla %86, %83, %87 UYA giderimi gerçekleşmiştir. En fazla biyogaz üretimi SRT 17 gün senaryosunda ortalama 4,756 m3/gün olarak gerçekleşmiştir.
Ancient Karez System in Afghanistan: the Perspective of Construction and Maintenance
(2019) Himat, Abobakar; Doğan, Selim
Ancient Karez has a history of millennium. Karez is underground tunnel which is constructed in ground by digging the main well of the system and extending underground tunnel in foothills of the mountains. This system extracts groundwater to surface by gravity without using any pumping equipment. Ancient Karez system is viable in hot, arid and semi-arid climate regions. These systems are one of the best ways of extracting groundwater by gravity in such poor regions. Minimum slope is vital for extracting groundwater to the surface in Karez system. In this study, the perspective of construction and maintenance of Karez system in Afghanistan is assessed. Information related to Karez construction and maintenance is provided in order to improve the quality of work during these processes. The Karez system cannot be used effectively if construction and maintenance processes are not carried out properly. This will affect agricultural productions, water supply and social life in the region. Some possible solutions are suggested for the mitigation of the risk of collapsing and extinction of Karez systems. Some recommendations are provided to encourage the associated organizations in Afghanistan for rehabilitation of Karez irrigation and water supply system.
Citation - WoS: 35
Citation - Scopus: 47
Application of Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (sbbr) in Dairy Wastewater Treatment
(KOREAN INSTITUTE CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, 2019) Öztürk, Arzu; Aygün, Ahmet; Nas, Bilgehan
Application of lab-scale sequencing batch (SBR) and sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBR) for treatment of dairy wastewater was investigated under organic loading of 1,130-1,560 gBOD(5)/m(3)d. The main characteristics of the dairy wastewater were: pH=4.9, chemical oxygen demand (COD)=16,264 mg/l; biological oxygen demand (BOD5)=10,536 mg/l, PO4-P=342 mg/l; total nitrogen (TN)=224 mg/l. SBBR was filled with the Kaldnes K1 biocarrier at 30% of the volume of empty reactor. The SBR and SBBR were operated in fixed 24 h cycles, each consisting of 30 min fill up, 22 h aeration, 1.5 h settle, 30 min decant, and idle with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 days. Operational parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS), solids retention time (SRT) and sludge volume index (SVI) were monitored during the whole cycle. The effects of these parameters on the COD, nitrogen and phosphorus removal were discussed in this paper. As a result, adding biocarrier to the reactor had a positive effect on organic with COD removal of 63.5% for SBR and 81.8% for SBBR and nutrient removal with ammonium removal of 66.0% for SBR and 85.1% for SBBR in treatment of dairy wastewater.
Are Side-Stream Loads of Pharmaceutical Compounds Important for the Large-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants?
(Riga Technical University, 2021) Dolu, Taylan; Nas, Bilgehan
The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment has become a serious global concern since they pose a direct or indirect threat for almost all aquatic species, animals and even people (Lee et al., 2019). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered as the one of the most important point sources with regard to the discharge of pharmaceutical compounds into receiving environments. Since most of the existing conventional WWTPs cannot completely remove pharmaceuticals (Tran et al., 2018), determining the individual and total pharmaceutical loads discharged from WWTPs into receiving environments is crucial for evaluating their potential adverse effects on all living creatures. Although there are numerous studies performed about occurrence, distribution and removal of pharmaceuticals in WWTPs found in different geographical regions, there are very few researches investigating the side-stream contribution of these compounds to total loads in WWTPs. In this study, the effect of side-streams of three pharmaceutical compounds belonging to different therapeutic groups on total loads were investigated in order to determine their behavior patterns both in sludge thickener and sludge dewatering units found in an advanced biological WWTP. Within this scope, diclofenac (DCF) from the group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, carbamazepine (CBZ) from the group of anticonvulsants and ciprofloxacin (CIP) from the group of antibiotics were investigated. Besides, the increase and decrease in the concentration values of the each investigated pharmaceutical compounds in the side streams returning to the beginning of the plant were evaluated based on the concentration values determined in the raw wastewater. Finally, within the scope of the findings, it was evaluated whether the side streams were a serious problem for a large-scale WWTP by calculating the extra pharmaceutical load percentages caused by the side-streams originating from both in sludge thickening and the sludge dewatering (decanter) units.
Assessment of Particulate Matter and Crushed Powder in Industrial Area of Van Province
(2019) Karaman, Şeyda; Dursun, Şükrü
In this study, air pollutant parameters spreading from the ready-mix concrete plant located in Çaldıran District of Van province were investigated within the scope of Particulate Matter (PM10) and Decayed Dust Industry Air Pollution Control Regulation of Turkish Republic. TS 2342 standard method for the measurement of precipitated dust was used, while the TS EN 12341 standard method was used to measure Particulate Matter (PM10). Mass flow rate of dust emissions from concrete production activities in the ready mixed concrete plant with over one kg/h as a result of mass production. Industrial Air Pollution Control Regulation Annex-2 is higher than the values given in Table 2.1 was performed with AEORMOD modelling programme. According to modelling results; Concrete Production of Ready-Mixed Concrete Plant will originate from Controlled Requirements; Additive value to air pollution of 24 hour particulate matter (PM) emissions is 14,86 µg/m3 , contribution to air pollution of annual particulate matter (PM) emissions is 0.68 µg / m3 , 12.36 mg / m2 / day for collapsing dust emissions and 1.324 mg / m2 / day for collapsed dust emissions.
Assessment of Pesticides Toxicity in Terms of Environment and Human Health
(2019) Özcan, Zabit; Tongur, Süheyla; Yıldız, Sevil
Pesticides are one of the indispensable elements of modern agriculture. Pesticides are mixtures of substances or substances used to prevent, control or reduce harmful organisms. Pesticides may be a chemical agent, a biological agent such as a virus or a bacterium, an antimicrobial, a disinfectant or any other vehicle. However, uncontrolled and excessively used pesticides cause many environmental pollutions. Environmental contamination is also caused by the inaccuracies of the pesticides and the disposal of the increased drugs. Because of these conditions, pesticides have a toxic effect on many living things. Pesticide is harmful to environment and human health has caused to be the subject of research in environmental engineering. In this study, toxic analysis of pesticides was performed and evaluated. The aim of our study is to investigate pesticide toxicity, to examine the environment and human health and to evaluate the results and to present solution suggestions. In the study, the degree of toxicity of pesticides to living things was determined by laboratory studies. Lepidium sativum toxicity test was used to determine toxicity. According to the researches, it has been determined that pesticide toxicity has reached values in a way to harm human and environmental health. According to the studies, pesticides such as aldrin have high levels of harm and some pesticides that have been forbidden to use have been restricted. Lepidium sativum toxicity tests have shown that toxicity of both insecticides and herbicides is very toxic. In the study, the results of Lepidium sativum toxicity test were more toxic than pesticide called pesticide insecticide when it was examined in terms of pesticide types. Pesticides are very toxic hazardous substances. Therefore, pesticide use should be made by people who are conscious and knowledgeable about this pesticides should be preferred less pests to the environment.
Atık Yağ, Gres ve Lipid Maddeleri ile Uzun Zincirli Yağ Asitlerinin Anaerobik Prosesle Arıtılabilirliği Üzerine Derleme Çalışması
(2022) Erdirençelebi, Dilek
Bu derleme çalışması kapsamında yağ, gres ve lipid maddelerinden (YGLM) anaerobik biyoteknoloji ile biyoenerji eldesi, atıksulardaki kaynakları, oluşumları, biyolojik parçalanma özellikleri, anaerobik arıtım mikrobiyolojisi ve uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Etkin YGLM giderimi gerçekleştiren gerçek ölçekli anaerobik proses uygulamalarına ait bilgi ulusal literatürde bulunmamakta ve mevcut uygulamalar kentsel çamur çürütme ile endüstriyel ölçekte atıksulardan kolay ayrışabilir organik madde giderimi ile sınırlı kalmaktadır. Hindistan ve Çin gibi fosil yakıt kaynağı bulunmayan ülkelerde evsel atıksuların da anaerobik arıtıma yönlendirilmesi, bu prosesin uygulama potansiyelinin geniş kapsamını göstermektedir. YGLM evsel ve birçok endüstriyel atıksu/atıkta farklı konsantrasyonlarda bulunurken sonraki biyolojik arıtım performansını korumak için çoğunlukla yağ ayırma ünitelerinde atık olarak atıksulardan ayrılmakta ve depolama sahalarına veya çimento fabrikalarına gönderilerek uzaklaştırılmaktadır. Mevcut durumda aerobik prosesle işletilen ve yüksek maliyetlere yol açan endüstriyel atıksu arıtımında anaerobik prosesin yaygınlaşması ve YGLM’nin enerji kaynağı olarak prosese katılması önemli ekonomik katkı sağlayacaktır. YGLM’nin yüksek metan/enerji eldesine dönüşüm potansiyelinin optimum şekilde açığa çıkması için uygun reaktör tipi seçimi ile organik yükleme hızı (OYH), besleme modu ile inhibisyon önleme gibi özel proses işletim şartları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, yenilenebilir enerji kaynağı olarak YGLM’nin anaerobik prosesle değerlendirilmesine yönelik sahada arıtım ile akademik araştırma çalışmalarına katkı sağlaması amacıyla literatürde verilen teorik ve uygulama bilgilerinin derlenmesi ile oluşturulmuştur. YGLM’nin ilk basamak hidroliz reaksiyonunda oluşan ara ürünlerin yüksek sayıda C zincirli ve hidrofobik yapıları nedeniyle anaerobik mikroorganizmalar üzerinde inhibisyon etkisi oluşmakta, biyokütlenin reaktörde flotasyonu ve sonrasında kaçışı ile proses bozulması gerçekleşmektedir. Yapılan ilk arıtım çalışmalarında inhibisyon etkisinin kontrolünde toplam yağ asidi konsantrasyonunun eşik değeri belirlenmiş fakat ilerleyen araştırmalarda farklı yağ asidi türleri için farklı inhibisyon değerleri ve etkileri belirlenmiştir. Ardışık anaerobik reaksiyonlarla yağ asitlerinin oksidasyon hızını ve yönünü etkileyen önemli mikrobiyal reaksiyonlar belirlenmiştir. Kesikli besleme modu, reaktörde biyokütle tutunumu sağlayan düşük OYH, floküler çamur ve mezofilik sıcaklık seviyesi gibi işletim koşulları ile yeterli seyrelme sağlayan reaktör tipleri uygun bulunmuştur. Ayrıca protein içerikli atıklarla çoklu anaerobik çürütmenin avantaj ve potansiyeli belirtilmiştir.
Atıksu Arıtma Tesisinde Çözünmüş Organik Azotun Biyolojik Parçalanabilirliğinin İncelenmesi
(2020) Küçükçongar, Sezen; Sevil, Ayşe
Atıksu arıtma tesisleri (AAT) çıkışındaki çözünmüş azot, inorganik ve organik formları içermektedir. Nitrifikasyon/denitrifikasyon prosesleri ile donatılmış olan AAT’de yüksek çözünmüş inorganik azot (ÇİA) giderimi (%95’in üzerinde) gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Son yapılan çalışmalar AAT çıkışlarında çözünmüş organik azotun (ÇOA), toplam çözünmüş azot (TÇA) içerisinde önemli bir kısmı oluşturduğunu ve genellikle bu aralığın çıkış TÇA’nın %25-80’i olduğunu göstermiştir. Kompleks oluşu nedeniyle, ÇOA verildiği sucul ortamlarda, azotlu dezenfeksiyon yan ürünleri için öncü bileşik olarak, bakteri, alg gelişiminde nutrient olarak davranabilir, çözünmüş oksijeni tüketebilir, membran bozulması, ötrofikasyon ve diğer nitrifikasyon konularında reaksiyonlara katılabilir. Bunların bir sonucu olarak, atıksu arıtımında ÇOA yönetimi önemli bir konudur. Biyolojik parçalanabilen ÇOA (BÇOA), ÇOA’un belirli karışık bakteri kültürü tarafından mineralize edilebilen kısmıdır. Bu çalışmada, ÇOA ve BÇOA’nın 4 bölmeli Bardenpho prosesi bulunan bir atıksu arıtma tesisinde arıtım hattı boyunca değişimi incelenmiştir. Arıtma tesisinde farklı noktalardan temin edilen atıksu örneklerinin biyolojik parçalanabilirliğinin belirlenebilmesi için 28 günlük inkübasyon prosedürünün öncesinde ve sonrasında çözünmüş azot türleri (Kjeldahl, amonyak, nitrit ve nitrat azotu) analiz edilmiştir. ÇOA değerleri ön arıtım çıkışında 1,9-56,76 mg/L ve AAT çıkışında 4,1-19,7 mg/L aralığında tespit edilmiştir. Karışık bakteri kültürü kullanılarak atıksu örneklerinde biyolojik parçalanabilirlik incelenmiş ve AAT arıtım hattında farklı örnekleme zamanlarında %26-98 aralığında belirlenmiştir. BÇOA/TÇA oranı %6-85 aralığında bulunmuştur.
Bazı İlaç Gruplarının Su Ortamına Olan Etkilerinin Akut Toksisite Testleri ile Değerlendirilmesi
(2019) Tongur, Süheyla; Yıldız, Sevil; Yıldırım, Rıfat
Bu çalışmanın amacı, reçeteli veya reçetesiz olarak satılabilen ve tüketimleri her geçen gün artan analjezik-antienflamatuvar ve beta-blocker grubu ilaçların laboratuvar ortamında hazırlanan sentetik atıksularının akut toksisitelerinin incelenmesidir. Farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanarak analiz edilecek olan bu ilaçların Lepidium sativum ve Daphnia magna toksisite testleri kullanılarak akut toksisitelerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Ayrıca kullanılan farklı biyolojik test metotlarının duyarlılık yönünden karşılaştırılması ve bu atıksuların bitki ve akuatik yaşam için toksisitesinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada, ilaç piyasasında kolaylıkla bulunabilen ve bununla birlikte kullanımları gitgide artan üç farklı ilaç türünün Daphnia magna ve Lepidium sativum toksisite testleri kullanılarak toksisitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Test sonuçları incelendiğinde her iki toksisite testi için farklı hassasiyetler gözlenmiştir. Kullanılan yöntemler içerisinde en hassas değerlerin elde edildiği test yönteminin Daphnia magna toksisite test metodu olduğu görülmüştür. Daphnia magna deneyinde ilaç etken maddelerinin 24 saat ve 48 saat sonraki değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Daphnia magna deneyinde sonuçların okunduğu süreler açısından karşılaştırıldığında, 24 saat sonunda okunan değerlere göre 48 saat sonunda alınan değerlerde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Analjeziklerden “Flurbiprofen” etken maddesi için 24 saat ve 48 saat sonraki değerler hesaplandığında Toksik Birim değerinin “çok toksik” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda farklı toksisite testlerinin hassasiyetlerinin de farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma toksisite testlerinin ilaç atıksuları üzerinde kullanılabilirliği açısından ve sonraki çalışmalara ışık tutması açısından önemlidir.
Citation - WoS: 36
Citation - Scopus: 44
Behavior and Removal of Ciprofloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole Antibiotics in Three Different Types of Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants: a Comparative Study
(SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2021) Nas, Bilgehan; Dolu, Taylan; Koyuncu, Serdar
Due to the inadequate removal rates of drug residues in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), the transition of these compounds into the environment has become a serious environmental problem for ecosystems and public health. In this study, occurrence, fate, and removal of widely consumed two antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), selected from fluoroquinolone and sulfonamide groups, respectively were investigated in three different types of full-scale WWTPs located in Turkey. In this context, three WWTPs consisting of advanced biological treatment (large-scale), wastewater stabilization pond (WSP) (medium-scale), and constructed wetland (CW) (small-scale) were selected. While the detected influent concentrations of CIP in WWTPs ranged between the 218.6 and 2733.5 ng/L, maximum influent concentration for SMX in the same plants was determined as 179.7 ng/L. On the other hand, although it was detected at higher concentrations in raw wastewater, CIP was significantly removed in all WWTPs with a removal efficiency ranging from >77.1 to >98.2%. However, SMX showed quite different behaviors depending on the applied wastewater treatment processes in WWTPs in terms of total removal achieved. While treated in WSP well enough (>72.2%), a serious negative removal efficiency (-133.4%) was achieved for SMX in the WWTP having advanced biological treatment. Best removal performance obtained for the both antibiotic compounds among the investigated WWTPs was the medium-scale WSP consisting of anaerobic and facultative stabilization ponds, consecutively. This situation also supported the idea that WWTPs which are operated with higher solid retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) contribute positively in the removal of antibiotic compounds.
The Biodegradability of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Cheese Production Wastewaters
(Gaziantep Üniversitesi, 2020) Küçükçongar, Sezen; Gök, Zehra; Öden, Muhammed Kamil; Dursun, Şükrü
Domestic and industrial wastewaters are important source for nutrient loading to aquatic environments. Dissolved nitrogen in wastewaters includes inorganic (ammonia, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen) and organic forms. Recent studies indicate that dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) represents a significant portion of the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in WWTPs’s effluent and generally ranging from 25% to 80% of the effluent TDN. Because of its complexity, DON may act as a nitrogenous disinfection by-product precursor, a nutrient for bacterial, algal growth and consume dissolved oxygen in the receiving waters. DON can participate in reactions that lead to membrane fouling, eutrophication and other nitrification issues. As a result of these concerns, management of DON is important issue for wastewater treatment. Biodegradable DON (BDON) is a portion of DON that can be mineralized by an acclaimed mixed bacterial culture. In this study, dissolved nitrogen species (Kjeldahl, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen) were analyzed before and after 28-day incubation procedure for to determine the biodegradability of wastewater samples obtained from cheese production industry. DON values were determined between 293.2-313.2 mg/L and the biodegradability of wastewater samples were determined by using a mixed bacteria culture and identified between 19.1-20.1% for cheese production wastewater. BDON/TDN ratio was found in 16.5-17.5% ranges for cheese production wastewaters.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 3
Biodegradability of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Yoghurt and Cheese Production Wastewaters
(Springer, 2022) Küçükçongar, Sezen; Gok, Z.; Oden, M. K.; Dursun, S.
Dissolved organic nitrogen can cause undesirable environmental problems in aquatic environments, such as eutrophication, nitrogenous disinfection by-product formation, and a decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen. 25-80% of the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants is dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) form. As a result of these concerns, the biodegradability and management of DON is important issue for domestic/industrial wastewater treatment. Dairy products are widely consumed in Turkey and dairy industry wastewater has a high organic nitrogen content. In this study, the biodegradability of wastewater samples obtained from yoghurt and cheese production industries was investigated. The biodegradability of wastewater samples was determined by using a mixed bacteria culture and identified between 72.2 and 81.7% for yoghurt production wastewater and 19.1-20.1% for cheese production wastewater. BDON/TDN ratio was found as 65.4-71.9% and 16.5-17.5% ranges for yoghurt and cheese production wastewaters, respectively. Although both are released from dairy production, it has been determined that white cheese production wastewater has a very low biodegradability compared to yoghurt production wastewater. It is thought that the results of this study will contribute to the evaluation of the removal efficiency in other industrial facilities and domestic wastewater treatment plants.
Cam Yüzeye Ag ve Ni Nano Parçacıkların Tutunmasına Hazırlama Tekniğinin Etkisi
(2020) Dursun, Şükrü; Ayturan, Zeynep Cansu
Nano malzeme üretimi günümüz dünyasının gelişen konularından bir tanesidir. Bu malzemelerin hazırlanması amacıyla kullanılan hidrotermal, ıslak emdirme gibi birçok yöntem bulunmakla birlikte bunlardan en çok tercih edileni sol-jel yöntemidir. Sol-gel yönteminde, bir öncü malzeme uygun bir çözücü içinde çözülür. Belirli bir karışım periyodunun ardından elde edilen sol üretilmek istenilen malzemeye göre işlemden geçirilir. Bu çalışma kapsamında sol-jel yöntemi kullanılarak nano parçacıklar üretilmiş ve cam yüzeye daldırma ile kaplama yöntemi kullanılarak kaplanmıştır. Temel nano malzeme olarak TiO2 içeren sol daha önceden denenmiş bir teknikle hazırlanmıştır. Doplama amacıyla Ag ve Ni içeren başka bir sol daha hazırlanarak karışmaları sağlanmıştır. Bu sol’ün hazırlanması sırasında karışım periyodu, kimyasal ilave sırası, çeşidi, molar oranları ve miktarları gibi parametrelerde değişiklikler yapılarak elde edilen son ürün üzerindeki tutunma yüzdeleri kıyaslanmıştır. Toplamda 8 adet deneme yapılarak cam yüzeye kaplanmıştır. Nano parçacıkların hazırlanmasında kullanılan bu denemelerin sonuçları, enerji yayılımlı X-Işını (EDX) analizlerine göre Ag ve Ni' nin cam yüzeyinde tutunma konsantrasyonlarına bakılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra ilk 5 deneme için X-ışını kırınım (XRD) analizleri de yaptırılmış ve elde edilen kırınım grafikleri de dikkate alınarak yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda denemelerin çoğunluğunda yüksek yüzdelerde tutunma oranları elde edilmiştir. Hazırlama sırasında kullanılan kimyasal ve reaktif sayısının son ürünü ciddi şekilde etkilediği ve kompleks bileşik oluşumuna sebep olabileceği ve yüzeydeki Ag ve Ni tutunmasına en çok etki eden faktörlerin doplanan bileşik yüzdesi, sol içerisine kimyasal ekleme sırası ve sol içerisinde kullanılan kimyasalların molar oranları olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The Carbon Cost of the Buildings Destroyed in Yalova in the 1999 Marmara Earthquake
(2023) Türk, Furkan; Nayan, Hayriye Nur; Doğan, Selim; Keskin, Ülkü Sultan
Natural disasters have some environmental impacts as well as economic impacts. For example, when disasters such as earthquakes are not prevented, efforts must be made to minimize the economic and environmental costs that may arise. Although the interest of society and governments in the economic consequences of the earthquake is more intense, environmental effects should also be calculated, and the significance of the situation should be shown. Herein, it estimated the CO2 emissions caused by debris transport from the 1999 Marmara earthquake in Turkey in Yalova, a province of Turkey, and the reconstruction of the destroyed structures. As a result of the calculations, it has been found that 2031 x 103 tons of CO2 were released during the transport of debris and reconstruction of 9462 building that was destroyed before the end of their life in Yalova. Moreover, 42% of these emissions are caused by concrete alone. In addition, this value corresponds to 0.73% of the CO2 emitted in Turkey in 1999
The Changing of Narragansett Bay Habitat by Land Use
(IKSAD Publications, 2023) Öksüz, Seçil Tutar
Climate change becomes a very serious treat that affect people and the environment. As consequences of climate changes, extreme weather conditions, flooding, drying, runoff pollution, and erosion are predicted to become more frequent. New England has showed the largest increase (61%) in extreme precipitation frequency in the U.S. Especially, Rhode Island has 81 % increases in frequency of extreme precipitation during 1948-2006. Narragansett Bay is located on the north side of the Rhode Island sound, and the bay is an important habitat for many species of flora and fauna. The purpose of this study is to determine what Narragansett Bay habitat is impacted by land use. According to the results, we concluded that the wetlands are really valuable today because the natural functions and public benefits of wetlands are well understood by both scientists and land managers. However, large gaps still exist in the public’s understanding of what and where wetlands are, why they matter, and how they are protected. According to our study based on ArcGis, we have found that 3624.8255 acres of wetlands have been damaged by land use in Narragansett Bay. Also, according to data and maps, industrial (manufacturing, design, assembly, etc.) has the large damage on wetlands in Narragansett Bay. In addition, the surface area has been changed 2.8x106 ft2 was gained and 2.6x107 ft2 was lost because the sea level rises.

Browse

Browsing 05. Fakülteler by Department "Fakülteler, Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi, Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü"