Investigation of urban heat island and carbon monoxide change using Google Earth engine in Konya

Abstract

The increasing population has been causing changes in and around urban areas. As a result of this situation, it is observed that the amount of heat and air pollution in cities is higher than in rural areas. Urban heat islands (UHI) are a factor that affects people's quality of life. Therefore, monitoring temperature changes and taking regional measures is necessary. In this study, urban heat island (UHI) and carbon monoxide (CO) levels were determined using Landsat 8 satellite for the years 2019-2021 and Sentinel-5P satellite, respectively. The central districts of Konya were selected as the study area. To determine the urban heat island (UHI), surface temperature (ST) maps were created using the thermal band of a total of 12 Landsat 8 satellite images for each season. Additionally, 36 CO maps were generated using the Sentinel-5P satellite for the same region, covering twelve months. Upon evaluation of the generated maps, a significant correlation between temperatures and CO was observed. It was determined that areas with higher surface temperature also exhibited higher levels of carbon monoxide.