Inhibitory activities of medicinal mushrooms on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase-enzymes related to type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Mushrooms have been used as a primary source of medicines since ancient times due to the presence of bioactive compounds. Enzyme inhibition is an important field of pharmaceutical research that provides insight into the discovery of a large variety of drugs that are useful in treating many diseases. The inhibitory activities of the hexane and methanol extracts of twenty-four medicinal mushrooms on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes related to type 2 diabetes were evaluated in this study. Among all studied mushroom extracts, C. rutilus hexane extract (IC50: 0.05 +/- 0.01 mg/mL) demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase while P. ostreatus hexane (IC50: 0.10 +/- 0.01 mg/mL) showed the highest inhibitory activity on alpha-glucosidase. The hexane extracts of C. rutilus (98.81 +/- 0.01 %), G. adspersum (96.96 +/- 0.47 %), G. sepiarium (96.89 +/- 1.01 %), and S. granulatus (97.74 +/- 0.27 %) displayed higher inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase enzyme than acarbose at 1.00 mg/mL concentration. Also, the hexane extracts of P. ostreatus (IC50: 0.10 +/- 0.01 mg/mL), M. procera (IC50: 0.11 +/- 0.01 mg/mL), P. schweinitzii (IC50: 0.14 +/- 0.01 mg/mL), L. gentianeus (IC50: 0.22 +/- 0.02 mg/mL), P. pini (IC50: 0.22 +/- 0.03 mg/mL) and the methanol extracts of T. pubescens (IC50: 0.12 +/- 0.02 mg/mL) and G. adspersum (IC50: 0.20 +/- 0.04 mg/mL) showed higher inhibitory activity on alpha-glucosidase enzyme than acarbose (IC50: 0.37 +/- 0.01 mg/mL). This study with the reported results supported the use of mushrooms in the pharmaceutical industries as natural antidiabetic agents through key enzyme inhibition. (C) 2020 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.