Assessment of Cytotoxic Effect of Porodaedalea pini Mushroom on Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Phellinus species are in the classification of valuable mushrooms among medicinal mushrooms and have been the source of traditional medicine for centuries. In this study, the hexane (PPH), methanol (PPM) and water (PPW) extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Porodaedalea pini (Çamkavı mantarı) were screened for their cytotoxic effects on PC3 (prostate cancer) and 3T3 (murine fibroblast) cell lines by MTT assay. PPH was found to have moderate cytotoxicity on PC3 cell with the IC50 values of 33.84±0.01 µg/mL. The fatty acid profile of PPH was identified by GC-FID (gas chromatography-flame ionization dedector) and GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and the main fatty acids were recorded as palmitic (41.40±0.03%), linoleic (21.53±0.01%), oleic (12.06±0.01%), and stearic (8.20±0.01%) acids. PPM and PPW were fractioned by using liquid-liquid extractions. Among all fractions, the 2-butanol fraction of the methanol extract (PPM-B) indicated the best cytotoxicity on PC3 and 3T3 cell lines. Also, among the isolated compounds (dioctyl phthalate (1), ergosterol peroxide (2) and pinoresinol (3)) from PPM, ergosterol peroxide (2) was found as moderate cytotoxic on PC3 with the IC50 value of 95.47±1.01 µg/mL. This study, in which the effect of P. pini on PC3 cell was examined for the first time, proved its medicinal importance by revealing the cytotoxic properties of the species.