Synthesis of Flocculants From Waste Plastics by Sulfonation and Investigation of Their Effectiveness in Plastic Washing Wastewater Treatment
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2019
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Konya Teknik Üniversitesi
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Plastik talebin sürekli artması, her yıl çevrede atık birikiminin artmasına neden olmuştur. Plastiklerin sadece %2'si kapalı devre geri dönüşümlüdür, ancak sektördeki teknolojik ilerlemelerle tüm polimer türleri geri dönüştürülebilir. Sülfonasyon, polimerlerin istenen su emme, biyouyumluluk, iyon değiştirme kapasitesi, şişme, vb. gibi belirli yüzey özelliklerin elde edilmesi için en yaygın yöntemlerden biridir. Plastik geri dönüşüm endüstrisinde, toplanan atık plastikler küçük parçalara kesilerek üzerindeki kirliliklerin giderilmesi için genellikle yıkanması gerekmektedir.Yıkama işleminde ortaya çıkan su atıksu olarak toplanmaktadır. Bu tür atıksularda ana kirletici parametreler, kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), askıda katı madde (AKM) ve yüksek pH'dır. Böylece yıkama suyunun deşarj edilmeden önce arıtılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, geleneksel polistiren (PS) sülfonasyon işleminde modifikasyon yapılarak atık PS ve atık PET ile polimerik flokülantlar sentezlenmiştir. Sentezlenen flokülantların yapısı karakterize edilmiştir. Daha sonra sentezlenmiş malzemelerin plastik yıkama atık sularının (WPWW) koagülasyon/flokülasyon ile arıtımında bulanıklık, KOİ ve AKM giderim etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Sentezlenmiş flokülantlar, aynı koşullar altında konvansiyonel PEL ile benzer, hatta daha yüksek performansa sahiptirler. HDPE WPWW'de 50 mg L-1 FSPET2 flokülant dozu ile orjinal pH'da en yüksek bulanıklık giderimi (%86) elde edildi. En yüksek KOİ ve AKM giderimleri (%79 ve %52) PS ve PET WPWW'lerde elde edildi. PS ve HDPE WPWW'lerin arıtma performansları orijinal pH'da yüksekken, LDPE ve PP atıksuları için pH 7'de en iyi arıtma, PET ve Karışık plastik atıksuları için pH 9'da yüksek arıtma işlemi gerçekleştirildi.
The continuous rising of plastic demand led to the growth in waste accumulation in the environment every year. Only 2% of all plastics are closed-loop recycled although with technological advancements in industry all types of polymers can be recycled. Sulfonation is one of the most common methods to modify the surface properties of polymers in order to achieve certain characteristics of desired water absorption, biocompatibility, ion exchange capacity, swelling, etc. In plastics recycling industry the collected waste plastic has been cut into smaller pieces, and then the stock usually needs to be washed in order to remove lingering dirt or attachments. The washing effluent that is produced in washing process is collected as wastewater. The main pollutant parameters in such wastewaters are chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids and high pH. Thus, the washing water needs to be purified prior to discharge. In this study first several polymeric flocculants were synthesized with waste polystyrene (PS) and waste PET by modifying the conventional PS sulfonation process. The synthesized materials were characterized and sulfonation was confirmed. Then the effectiveness of those synthesized materials in coagulation/flocculation treatment of plastic washing wastewaters in terms of turbidity, COD, and TSS removals were investigated. Synthesized flocculants have higher performance under the same conditions as their conventional counterparts, PEL. The highest turbidity removal (86%) was obtained at original pH with a dose of 50 mg.L-1 FSPET2 flocculant in HDPE WPWW and the highest COD (79%) and TSS (52%) removals were achieved in PS and PET WPWWs. PS and HDPE WPWWs treatment performances were high at the original pH, whereas LDPE and PP wastewaters had the best treatment at pH 7, PET and mixed plastic wastewater had high treatment at pH 9.
The continuous rising of plastic demand led to the growth in waste accumulation in the environment every year. Only 2% of all plastics are closed-loop recycled although with technological advancements in industry all types of polymers can be recycled. Sulfonation is one of the most common methods to modify the surface properties of polymers in order to achieve certain characteristics of desired water absorption, biocompatibility, ion exchange capacity, swelling, etc. In plastics recycling industry the collected waste plastic has been cut into smaller pieces, and then the stock usually needs to be washed in order to remove lingering dirt or attachments. The washing effluent that is produced in washing process is collected as wastewater. The main pollutant parameters in such wastewaters are chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids and high pH. Thus, the washing water needs to be purified prior to discharge. In this study first several polymeric flocculants were synthesized with waste polystyrene (PS) and waste PET by modifying the conventional PS sulfonation process. The synthesized materials were characterized and sulfonation was confirmed. Then the effectiveness of those synthesized materials in coagulation/flocculation treatment of plastic washing wastewaters in terms of turbidity, COD, and TSS removals were investigated. Synthesized flocculants have higher performance under the same conditions as their conventional counterparts, PEL. The highest turbidity removal (86%) was obtained at original pH with a dose of 50 mg.L-1 FSPET2 flocculant in HDPE WPWW and the highest COD (79%) and TSS (52%) removals were achieved in PS and PET WPWWs. PS and HDPE WPWWs treatment performances were high at the original pH, whereas LDPE and PP wastewaters had the best treatment at pH 7, PET and mixed plastic wastewater had high treatment at pH 9.
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Çevre Mühendisliği, Environmental Engineering, Koagülasyon/Flokulasyon, Polimerik Flokülant, Sülfonasyon, Atık Plastik Yıkama Atıksuyu (Wpww), Coagulation/Flocculation, Polymeric Flocculant, Sulfonation, Waste Plastic Washing Wastewater (Wpww)
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Sustainable Development Goals
2
ZERO HUNGER

3
GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

4
QUALITY EDUCATION

6
CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

7
AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

8
DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

9
INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

10
REDUCED INEQUALITIES

11
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

12
RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION

13
CLIMATE ACTION

14
LIFE BELOW WATER

15
LIFE ON LAND

17
PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS

