Çok Katmanlı Dielektrik Yapıların Farklı Materyaller için Anten Performanslarının İncelenmesi
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2020
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Konya Teknik Üniversitesi
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Mikroşerit antenler, kompakt tasarımları ve ucuz maliyetleri sebebiyle en iyi anten yapıları olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Özellikle son zamanlarda yığılmış çok katmanlı yapılar, sarmal, yarık, dipol ve aynı düzlem (coplanar) dalga kılavuzu (CPW) beslemeli antenler benimsenerek daha geniş bant genişliğine ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bantgenişliği dielektrik sabiti ve geçirgenliği ile ters orantılıdır. Bunun yanında bantgenişliği ve ışıma deseni tanjant kaybına bağlıdır. Bu tez çalışmasında bu özelliklerde dikkate alınarak, tek ve çok katmanlı anten tasarımları yapılmış ve üretilmiştir. Simülasyon ve deneyler sonucunda geri dönüş kaybı (S11), yüzde bantgenişliği (%BW) ve kazanç (G) gibi elektriksel parametreler ile performansları incelenmiştir. Böylelikle çok katmanlı ve farklı dielektrik malzemelerle yapıla antenler ve sonuçları literatüre sunulmuştur. Çok katmanlı anten yapıları, tek, iki, üç ve dört katlı olmak üzere alt tabakalar için yapılmıştır. Buna ek olarak antenlerden daha iyi performans alabilmek için yama üzerine dairesel ve dikdörtgen yarıklar açılmıştır. Antenlerin entegre devrelere uyumlu bir şekilde yerleştirilmesi amacıyla da fiziksel boyutlarının küçüklüğüne dikkat edilmiştir. Bu amaçlarla literatürde yaygın olarak kullanılan ve kayıp tanjant değeri ve dielektrik sabiti düşük malzemeler seçilmiştir. Bu malzemeler, FR4 Proxy, RT/Duroid, Köpük ve Teflon'dur. Antelerin çeşitli uygulamalardaki performanslarını görebilmek için 1 – 9 GHz arası frekanslarda taranmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, 8-11 dB gibi yüksek kazançlı, %14-15 bantgenişliğine sahip ve 15-30 dB geri dönüş kayıplı antenler elde edildiği görülmüştür. Analiz ve modellemeler, sonlu elemanlar metoduna bağlı HFSS simülasyon (Ansoft Yüksek Frekanslı Yapı Simülatörü) yazılımı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Microstrip antennas are the best antenna structures due to their compact design and low cost. Especially recently, a wider bandwidth has been tried to be reached by adopting stacked multi-layer structures, spiral, slit, dipole and coplanar waveguide (CPW) powered antennas. The bandwidth is inversely proportional to the dielectric constant and permeability. In addition, bandwidth and radiation pattern depend on tangent loss. In this thesis, single and multi-layer antenna designs have been made and produced by taking these features into account. As a result of simulation and experiments, electrical parameters such as return loss (S11), percentage bandwidth (% BW) and gain (G) and their performances were investigated. Thus, antennas made with multi-layered and different dielectric materials and their results are presented in the literature. Multi-layer antenna structures are made for substrates with single, double, triple and quadruple layers. In addition, circular and rectangular slots are made on the patch to get better performance from the antennas. In order to fit the antennas to integrated circuits, attention has been paid to the small physical dimensions. For these purposes, materials with low loss tangent value and dielectric constant and widely used in the literature were selected. These materials are FR4 Proxy, RT / Duroid, Foam and Teflon. In order to see the performance of antes in various applications, they were scanned and analyzed at frequencies between 1 - 9 GHz. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that antennas with high gain such as 8-11 dB, bandwidth of 14-15% and return loss of 15-30 dB were obtained. Analysis and modelling were carried out using HFSS simulation (Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator) software based on finite element method.
Microstrip antennas are the best antenna structures due to their compact design and low cost. Especially recently, a wider bandwidth has been tried to be reached by adopting stacked multi-layer structures, spiral, slit, dipole and coplanar waveguide (CPW) powered antennas. The bandwidth is inversely proportional to the dielectric constant and permeability. In addition, bandwidth and radiation pattern depend on tangent loss. In this thesis, single and multi-layer antenna designs have been made and produced by taking these features into account. As a result of simulation and experiments, electrical parameters such as return loss (S11), percentage bandwidth (% BW) and gain (G) and their performances were investigated. Thus, antennas made with multi-layered and different dielectric materials and their results are presented in the literature. Multi-layer antenna structures are made for substrates with single, double, triple and quadruple layers. In addition, circular and rectangular slots are made on the patch to get better performance from the antennas. In order to fit the antennas to integrated circuits, attention has been paid to the small physical dimensions. For these purposes, materials with low loss tangent value and dielectric constant and widely used in the literature were selected. These materials are FR4 Proxy, RT / Duroid, Foam and Teflon. In order to see the performance of antes in various applications, they were scanned and analyzed at frequencies between 1 - 9 GHz. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that antennas with high gain such as 8-11 dB, bandwidth of 14-15% and return loss of 15-30 dB were obtained. Analysis and modelling were carried out using HFSS simulation (Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator) software based on finite element method.
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Mühendislik Bilimleri, Engineering Sciences
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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