Analysis of the Economic Viability of Photovoltaic Self Consumption System for a Public Building in Türkiye

Abstract

Unlike residences, public and service buildings are structures that are few in number in the total building stock of a country, but have high energy consumption in terms of energy use. The use of energy in such buildings varies depending on the occupancy rate during the day and the load profiles have a very high matching rate with the production profile of PV energy facilities. Self-consumption facilities play a critical role in coping with the energy expenses and efficiency problems of public buildings as well as reducing their environmental impact. However, the evaluation of self-consumption facility practices in public buildings by taking into account the national incentive policies and market conditions of the countries has not been adequately researched yet. In this study, an analysis of a PV energy facility used for self-consumption purposes in a public building was carried out in accordance with the current legislative regulations and tariff prices in Türkiye. The load profile of the public building and the production profile of the PV energy facility were recorded for three years with on-site measurement, recording and monitoring systems. The results of the analysis show that the self-sufficiency rate of this facility varied between 16%–19%, and the produced energy was spent for self-consumption at a rate of 75%–86% based on the load demand of the building. Furthermore, a PV energy facility connected to the grid from the same or different measurement points resulted in an average decrease in the electricity bill of the building by 17.3% and 8.5%, respectively, compared to a building without self-consumption. Thus, it has been observed that the exceptions granted in the distribution and energy cost in order to support self-consumption are more advantageous for roof and facade PV systems, which are mostly connected to the grid from the same measurement point. © 2026 International Solar Energy Society.