İnşaat Odaklı Ekonomide Kentsel Dönüşüm Mevzuatının Dönüşümü, Pratiği ve Planlama İlke-esasları Çatışması: Mahkeme Kararlarında Ankara Örneği
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Date
2021
Authors
Korkmaz, Cansu
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Green Open Access
Yes
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No
Abstract
Kentsel dönüşüm ve yenileme süreçleri, plan-projelerin uygulama aşamaları mevzuatla düzenlenmektedir. Türkiye, kırılgan ve gelişmemiş siyasi-ekonomik yapısının bir sonucu olarak, ekonomik sorunların hızlı çözümüne yönelik bir politikayla “inşaata dayalı ekonomik büyümeyi ve kentsel dönüşüm stratejisini” benimsemiş; 2012 yılında kentsel yenilenmeyi dönüştürmek ve hızlandırmak için hazırlanan 6306 sayılı Kanun ile “afet riskli alanlar” dönüşüm kapsamına alınmıştır. “Afet riskiyle mücadele”nin odağa alınmasıyla toplumsal ve bireysel itiraz temelinde engellerin ortadan kaldırılması hedeflenmiş; bu alanların yanı sıra gecekondu alanları, henüz yapılaşmamış alanlar, hatta koruma alanları kentsel dönüşümün konusunu oluşturmuştur. Bu araştırmada, “dönüşüm alanlarının ve sınırlarının tespiti, ilan edilmesi ve uygulanmasına yönelik kentsel dönüşüm planlarının-projelerinin mahkeme süreçleriyle iptallerini içeren 2005–2012 dönemi Ankara örneğinde" incelenmiştir. Çalışmada planlama ilke ve esasları ile kentsel dönüşüm arasındaki çatışmanın nedenlerinin, ekonomik ve sosyal bileşenlerin planlama süreçlerine entegrasyonu koşullarının ve olanaklarının tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre iptallerin önde gelen nedenlerini, dönüşüm projelerinin üst ölçekli planlara ve hiyerarşiye aykırılığı; dönüşüm alanlarının ve sınırlarının kentsel dönüşüme uygunluk kriterleriyle örtüşmemesi; alan-sınır tespitinde gerekli teknik incelemelerin yapılmaması; önerilen yoğunlukların ve kullanım kararlarının planlama ilke-esaslarıyla ve kent bütünündeki planlama kararlarıyla uyuşmaması ve mülkiyet dağılımının hakkaniyet temelinden uzak olması oluşturmaktadır.
Urban regeneration and urban renewal processes and implementation of the projects are regulated by legislation. Turkey, as an outcome of its fragile and undeveloped political and economic structure, has adopted "a construction-led economic growth and urban regeneration strategy” as a policy to solve economic problems and in 2012 “disaster risky areas” were included within the scope of regeneration with the Law no 6306, which was prepared to transform and accelerate the urban regeneration. Putting forward “struggle with disaster risk” aims to eliminate obstacles leading delays in implementation of regeneration. Disaster-risky urban areas, and unbuilt areas and even the historical and conservation areas have been the subject of regeneration. In this study, “cancellations and court processes which includes determination and boundaries of regeneration areas, announcement and implementation of projects in the period of 2005–2012 in Ankara with high rate of cancellations” is examined. It is aimed to discuss the reasons behind failure to establish the expected relationship between planning principles and so called urban transformation, as well as to debate the conditions and possibilities of the integration of the economic and social components of the city with the planning processes. According to the results of the study, inconsistency of the plan scales in hierarchy; conflict with urban regeneration criteria; the lack of necessary surveys, analyses and assessments to determine urban transformation area boundaries; and the proposed additional building densities that are incompatible with the zoning rights and fair distribution, are the main problems.
Urban regeneration and urban renewal processes and implementation of the projects are regulated by legislation. Turkey, as an outcome of its fragile and undeveloped political and economic structure, has adopted "a construction-led economic growth and urban regeneration strategy” as a policy to solve economic problems and in 2012 “disaster risky areas” were included within the scope of regeneration with the Law no 6306, which was prepared to transform and accelerate the urban regeneration. Putting forward “struggle with disaster risk” aims to eliminate obstacles leading delays in implementation of regeneration. Disaster-risky urban areas, and unbuilt areas and even the historical and conservation areas have been the subject of regeneration. In this study, “cancellations and court processes which includes determination and boundaries of regeneration areas, announcement and implementation of projects in the period of 2005–2012 in Ankara with high rate of cancellations” is examined. It is aimed to discuss the reasons behind failure to establish the expected relationship between planning principles and so called urban transformation, as well as to debate the conditions and possibilities of the integration of the economic and social components of the city with the planning processes. According to the results of the study, inconsistency of the plan scales in hierarchy; conflict with urban regeneration criteria; the lack of necessary surveys, analyses and assessments to determine urban transformation area boundaries; and the proposed additional building densities that are incompatible with the zoning rights and fair distribution, are the main problems.
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Keywords
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0507 social and economic geography, 02 engineering and technology
Citation
WoS Q
Q4
Scopus Q
N/A

OpenCitations Citation Count
3
Source
PLANLAMA
Volume
31
Issue
1
Start Page
95
End Page
107
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3
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