Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde Ernst Arnold Egli’nin Köy İlk Mektep Planları ve Eğitimin Önemi
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Date
2021
Authors
Oral, Murat
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet’in kurulması ile birlikte modern ulus devletin inşa edilmesi için eğitim, mimari, hukuk, kamu yönetimi gibi pek çok alanda önemli projeler hayata geçirilmiştir. Ülke nüfusunun büyük oranda kırsal alanlarda yaşıyor olması köylerde eğitimi gündeme getirmiştir. Erken Cumhuriyet olarak anılan bu dönemde başkent Ankara merkezli kent planı ve modern mimari uygulamalarıyla modern (Batılı) kentlerin kurulması için ülkemize davet edilen mimarlardan İsviçreli Ernst A. Egli, köy ilkokul planları yapması için görevlendirilmiştir. Ernst A. Egli genç denebilecek yaşta Türkiye’ye gelerek gerek mimari eserleriyle gerek Güzel Sanatlar Akademisi’ndeki mimarlık eğitiminde yapmış olduğu sade ve akılcı reform hamleleriyle gerekse Milli Eğitim Bakanlığındaki Danışmanlığı esnasında Anadolu’nun en ücra köylerinde dahi inşa edilmesi kolay ilkokul tip projeleri hazırlamasıyla genç rejimin ülküsünün gerçekleşmesine büyük önem verilmiş, bu hizmetlerin yürütüleceği mekanların planlanmasında modern mimari öne çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada dönemin ideolojik ve siyasi yaklaşımlarını yansıtan eğitim kurumlarından Ernst A. Egli’nin köy ilkokul planları ve eğitime verilen önem tartışılmıştır.
With the construction of the modern nation state as a result of the establishment of the republic in Turkey, major projects in many areas such as education, architecture and judicial and public administrative systems were launched. The fact that the majority of the population of the country lived in rural areas brought education in the villages to the fore. In this period known as the Early Republic, Ernst A. Egli from Switzerland, one of the architects invited to our country for the establishment of modern (Western) cities with its city plan and modern architectural practices, was assigned to make village primary school plans. Ernst A. Egli, who could be called at an early age came to Turkey and made great contribution to the realization of the regime's ideals through architectural education at the Academy of Fine Arts with his architectural monuments and rational reform moves as well as primary school projects which could be implemented in the remotest villages of Anatolia during his counseling position in the Ministry of Education. In Early Republic Period, great importance was attached to education and training in the construction of the new nation, and modern architecture came to the fore in the planning of the spaces where these services would be carried out. In this study, the village primary school plans of Ernst A. Egli, one of the educational institutions that reflect the ideological and political approaches of the period, and the importance given to education were discussed.
With the construction of the modern nation state as a result of the establishment of the republic in Turkey, major projects in many areas such as education, architecture and judicial and public administrative systems were launched. The fact that the majority of the population of the country lived in rural areas brought education in the villages to the fore. In this period known as the Early Republic, Ernst A. Egli from Switzerland, one of the architects invited to our country for the establishment of modern (Western) cities with its city plan and modern architectural practices, was assigned to make village primary school plans. Ernst A. Egli, who could be called at an early age came to Turkey and made great contribution to the realization of the regime's ideals through architectural education at the Academy of Fine Arts with his architectural monuments and rational reform moves as well as primary school projects which could be implemented in the remotest villages of Anatolia during his counseling position in the Ministry of Education. In Early Republic Period, great importance was attached to education and training in the construction of the new nation, and modern architecture came to the fore in the planning of the spaces where these services would be carried out. In this study, the village primary school plans of Ernst A. Egli, one of the educational institutions that reflect the ideological and political approaches of the period, and the importance given to education were discussed.
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Keywords
Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi, Early Republic Period, Modernleşme, Modernization, Ernst A. Egli, Kırsal Eğitim, Rural Education
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Volume
21
Issue
47
Start Page
252
End Page
277
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4
checked on Feb 03, 2026
