Kesme Donatısı Yetersiz Ön Hasarsız Betonarme Kirişlerin Yenilikçi Bir Yaklaşımla Güçlendirilmesi: Mekanik Çelik Dikişler
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada kesme kapasitesi yetersiz betonarme kirişlerin güçlendirilmesine yönelik pratik, ekonomik ve inovatif bir güçlendirme yöntemi araştırılmıştır. Bunun için kesme açıklıkları boyunca kirişin her iki yüzüne dıştan U şeklinde Mekanik Çelik Dikişler (MÇD) 45° ve 90° açı ile uygulanmıştır. Yapılan güçlendirme sonrası değişen davranış değişimlerini gözlemlemek için düşey yükler altında dört noktalı eğilme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, ½ geometrik ölçekli 125 x 250 x 2500 mm boyutlarında biri referans olmak üzere toplam 3 adet betonarme kesmekritik kiriş üretilmiştir. Kirişlerde kesme kapasitesinin yetersiz olması için etriyeler Ø6 / 350 mm olarak seçilmiştir. Ayrıca uygulanan MÇD’nin kesme kapasitesine katkısını görebilmek için çekme donatısı 3Ø16 ve basınç donatısı 2Ø12 olarak seçilmiştir. Seçilen bu yüksek boyuna donatı oranı sayesinde MÇD’nin kesme kapasitesine katkısı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun için numunelerden bir tanesi güçlendirilmeden referans olarak test edilirken diğer iki numune sırasıyla d/5 (45mm) aralıkla 45° ve 90° MÇD uygulanarak güçlendirilmiştir. Yapılan deneysel çalışma sonucunda referans numuneye (RN) göre 45° ve 90° güçlendirilen S-45 ve S-90 numuneler sırasıyla yük taşıma kapasitesinde %53.74 ve %14.76 artış sağlamıştır. Toplam enerji tüketme kapasiteleri karşılaştırıldığında RN’ye göre S-45 numunesinde %261.6 artış gözlenirken, S-90 numunesinde %93.73 artış meydana gelmiştir. Bu durum MÇD’lerin güçlendirmede 45 derece olarak uygulanmasının daha etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Ulusal ve uluslararası yönetmeliklerde olmayan ve literatür için oldukça yeni bir güçlendirme alternatifi olan MÇD’nin optimum tasarımına yönelik yapılacak yeni çalışmaların oldukça önemli olduğu düşünülmüştür.
This study investigated a practical, economical and innovative strengthening method for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams with insufficient shear capacity. U-shaped Mechanical Steel Stitches (MSS) were applied from the outside on both sides of the beam along the shear spans at 45° and 90° angles. Four-point bending tests were carried out under vertical loads to observe the behaviour changes after strengthening. In the study, a total of 3 RC shear-critical beams with ½ geometric scale, 125 x 250 x 2500 mm dimensions, one of which is a reference, were produced. Stirrups were chosen as Ø6 / 350 mm to have the insufficient shear capacity in the beams. In addition, the tensile rebar was chosen as 3Ø16, and the compression rebar was chosen as 2Ø12 to observe the applied MSS's contribution to the shear capacity. The contribution of MSS to shear capacity has been determined thanks to this selected high longitudinal rebar ratio. Therefore, one of the specimens was tested as a reference without strengthening, while the other two were strengthened by applying 45° and 90° MSS with d/5 (45mm) spacing, respectively. As a result of the experimental study, S-45 and S-90 samples, which were strengthened at 45° and 90° relative to the reference specimen (RS), increased their load carrying capacity by 53.74% and 14.76%, respectively. When the total energy dissipation capacities are compared according to RS, an increase of 261.6% was observed in the S-45 specimen, while an increase of 93.73% was observed in the S-90 specimen. This showed that the application of MSSs at 45° is more effective in strengthening. It is thought that new studies for the optimum design of MSS, which is not in national and international codes and is a reasonably new retrofitting or strengthening alternative for the literature, are critical.
This study investigated a practical, economical and innovative strengthening method for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams with insufficient shear capacity. U-shaped Mechanical Steel Stitches (MSS) were applied from the outside on both sides of the beam along the shear spans at 45° and 90° angles. Four-point bending tests were carried out under vertical loads to observe the behaviour changes after strengthening. In the study, a total of 3 RC shear-critical beams with ½ geometric scale, 125 x 250 x 2500 mm dimensions, one of which is a reference, were produced. Stirrups were chosen as Ø6 / 350 mm to have the insufficient shear capacity in the beams. In addition, the tensile rebar was chosen as 3Ø16, and the compression rebar was chosen as 2Ø12 to observe the applied MSS's contribution to the shear capacity. The contribution of MSS to shear capacity has been determined thanks to this selected high longitudinal rebar ratio. Therefore, one of the specimens was tested as a reference without strengthening, while the other two were strengthened by applying 45° and 90° MSS with d/5 (45mm) spacing, respectively. As a result of the experimental study, S-45 and S-90 samples, which were strengthened at 45° and 90° relative to the reference specimen (RS), increased their load carrying capacity by 53.74% and 14.76%, respectively. When the total energy dissipation capacities are compared according to RS, an increase of 261.6% was observed in the S-45 specimen, while an increase of 93.73% was observed in the S-90 specimen. This showed that the application of MSSs at 45° is more effective in strengthening. It is thought that new studies for the optimum design of MSS, which is not in national and international codes and is a reasonably new retrofitting or strengthening alternative for the literature, are critical.
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Betonarme Kesme Kirişi, Reinforced Concrete Shear Beam, Güçlendirme, Strengthening, Kesme Hasarı, Shear Damage, Mekanik Çelik Dikiş (MÇD), Mechanical Steel Stitches
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219
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223
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