Browsing by Author "Mankolli, H."

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Air Quality Effects of Antalya Forest Fires in Turkiye
(Hysen MANKOLLI, 2025) Dursun, S.; Kırbıyık, B.; Mankolli, H.
The 2021 Turkey forest fires began on July 28, 2021, in the Manavgat district of Antalya and spread to many cities in Türkiye. As of August 12, 2021, 299 forest fires, most of which broke out in 53 provinces in the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara, Western Black Sea, and Southeastern Anatolia regions, had killed eight people. A significant increase compared to previous years, more than 150,000 hectares of forest and settlements had been reduced to ashes, and thousands of animals had died. The 299 forest fires, 15 of which were large, that started on July 28 were fully contained as of August 12, 2021, with the extinguishing of the fire in Köyceğiz district of Muğla. The fires were fought with 15 firefighting aircraft, 62 helicopters, 9 unmanned aerial vehicles, 1 unmanned helicopter, 850 water trucks and water tankers, 450 construction equipment, and 5,250 personnel. Many countries, including Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Russia, Spain, Croatia, Qatar, and Iran, provided personnel and vehicle support. Thousands of locals and tourists were evacuated from hundreds of villages and towns by land and sea as the fires spread to populated areas. The large-scale forest fire that broke out around Antalya is also of environmental concern. Air pollution caused by the fire, due to weather conditions, carries a risk of affecting the city centre. While Antalya's city centre’s location on the Mediterranean coast benefits from reducing air pollution, the high humidity and pressure fluctuations that occur occasionally contribute to increased air pollution. According to assessments of existing air monitoring network data in Antalya during the fire period, airflow carrying combustion gases from higher elevations to the Mediterranean Sea prevented further deterioration in air quality. © 2025, Hysen MANKOLLI. All rights reserved.
Air Quality of Karaman City, Turkey
(Hysen MANKOLLI, 2020) Mankolli, H.; Toros, H.; Dursun, S.
Karaman is a new and developing city in Turkey's economy is developing and the industry. Geographically, the location of Karaman is located in the south of the Central Anatolia region, in the north of the Taurus Mountains. With its fertile lands, the economy and industry based on Karaman agriculture are developing. Karaman city center has modern industrial facilities open for employment. It is known to have an important industrial potential in recent years. The total surface area of 887 thousand ha of Karaman province; 229 thousand hectares (26%) are flat areas and 654 thousand hectares (74%) are mountainous. The population size is around 250 thousand. Turkey is ahead in the production of bakery products, 35% and 20% of total wheat production is produced by Karaman biscuit manufacturing industry. Turkey, as in general in Karaman in fossil fuel consumption for heating in the cold winter air pollution as it is used in many developed cities is also observed. Traffic vehicles vehicle exhausts and fossil fuels used in industry are other important sources of pollution in the city center. In Turkey, the year 2020 at the beginning of March with the gorilla-19 Covidien epidemic, there has been a significant improvement in air quality. The field dust event that occurred after pandemic virus measures, especially PM pollution increase was observed. © 2020, Hysen MANKOLLI. All rights reserved.
Data Snow Trends in the Illinois State
(Hysen MANKOLLI, 2023) Mankolli, H.; Kongoli, C.; Zucchetti, M.; Dursun, S.
The Chicago area there are in the south-eastern of Lake Michigan in the north of Illinois State with climatic influences from Lake Michigan. The data obtained refer to the stations Chicago, Freeport, Rockford, Kenosha, Aurora, Gary, Joliet, Ottawa, Dixon, Clinton, Dekalb, Kankakee, Pontiac, Peoria, Bloomington. The climate of the Chicago Area is with cold winters and scattered snowfall in the winter months. The study shows some estimates of snowfall trends over a multi-year period. Data refers to reports from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service, Chicago, IL, 333 West University Drive, Romeoville, IL. The analysis of snow precipitation amount data is based on the application of the mathematical method Excel. The results show that precipitation values are different over the years. Trends are given by regression equations. For January 1985-2021: y = 4.4576x + 1937.5, R² = 0.0378. The tendency of the value of snowfall for the months of January is with a constant 4.4576. In the period Seasonal Snowfall Totals for Chicago from 1884 to 2021: y = 2.3353x + 1890.2, R² = 0.0868. The tendency of the value of snowfall for each year period is with a constant 2.3353. The smallest amount of snow precipitation is estimated for the years 1920-1921 with 9.8 inches. The highest amount of snow precipitation is estimated for the years 1978-1979 with 89.7 inch. All result are based on statistical method. Our statewide snowfall records in Illinois start in 1902. There is no long-term trend in snowfall since 1902. However, some decades were snowier than others, such as the 1910s, 1960s, and 1970s. In fact, the 1970s were the snowiest decade on record with an average snowfall of 27.2 inches. Snowfall amounts dropped steeply with less year to year variability for much of the 1980s and into the early 2000s. However, snowfall amounts in the last 6 winters have been more variable with the winter of 2014 being about as snowy as the late 1970s. The snowiest winter on record was 1979 with 44.5 inches. Here are the 5 snowiest winters on record: 1979 with 44.5 inches; 1978 with 44.4 inches; 1912 with 39.5 inches; 2014 with 39.4 inches; 1960 with 38.6 inches; Snowfall is accumulated from July 1 of the first year to June 30 of the second year. The second year is used in the plot and table (for example, 2006 refers to the 2005-2006 season, source: state climatologist Illinois). © 2023, Hysen MANKOLLI. All rights reserved.