Esme, EnginKıran, Mustafa Servet2024-10-102024-10-1020242667-80552147-9364https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1424329https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/1264104https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13091/6366The application of deep learning-based intelligent systems for X-ray imaging in various settings, including transportation, customs inspections, and public security, to identify hidden or prohibited objects are discussed in this study. In busy environments, x-ray inspections face challenges due to time limitations and a lack of qualified personnel. Deep learning algorithms can automate the imaging process, enhancing object detection and improving safety. This study uses a dataset of 5094 x-ray images of laptops with hidden foreign circuits and normal ones, training 11 deep learning algorithms with the 10-fold cross-validation method. The predictions of deep learning models selected based on the 70% threshold value have been combined using a meta-learner. ShuffleNet has the highest individual performance with 83.56%, followed by InceptionV3 at 81.30%, Darknet19 at 78.92%, DenseNet201 at 77.70% and Xception at 71.26%. Combining these models into an ensemble achieved a remarkable classification success rate of 85.97%, exceeding the performance of any individual model. The ensemble learning approach provides a more stable prediction output, reducing standard deviation among folds as well. This research highlights the potential for safer and more effective X-ray inspections through advanced machine learning techniques.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDeep LearningEnsemble LearningObject Classification-RayArticle10.36306/konjes.1424329