Business Models for Electric Vehicle Fixed Charging Station Infrastructure With Commercial and Non-Commercial Uses

Abstract

This study investigates how the resource utilization of electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure can be improved with various business model proposals within the scope of the sharing economy and aims to use resources more efficiently by dividing EVs in three categories: non-commercial, commercial and contracted-commercial. Different charging technologies such as DC charger and Battery Swapping Stations (BSSs) are included in the models presented, and 0-1 MILP formulations are introduced for two business models. Models mainly focus on possible agreements between a Logistics Company (LC) and a Charge Point Operator Company (CPOC) on the basis of certain double-sided conditions. Following the illustrative example given for a better understanding of the problem definition and the problem environment, experimental studies are included. As a result of the experimental studies, sensitivity analysis is given for the effect of executing the agreements under different conditions on the additional cost to be paid. The results revealed that the agreements to be made are shaped according to the different charging technology characteristics, the number of customers and the conditions of the Logistics Companies.