Exploring the Fringe-Belt Phenomenon in a Multi-Nuclear City: the Case of Istanbul

Abstract

This paper examines historic land use changes to the fringe-belt zones of Istanbul, and in particular looks at the transformation of areas such as these into CBDs due to the effects of urban growth development cycles. The study is based on detailed research into the selected case study areas regarding changes in their land-uses within the overall urban development pattern of Istanbul. Once in the periphery, many of these areas now reflect CBD characteristics as a result of their development cycles. Urban fringe-belts are the urban peripheries of earlier periods that have become enveloped by the city through urban growth, and over time these areas adjust to the ever changing dynamics of urban land-use. In contrast to the dense urban texture of previously developed regions of the city, fringe-belts have a more loose texture and frequently retain the potential for the creation of public spaces. These include the open green areas, institutional areas, and industrial heritage sites that have connections with urban identity, and which are therefore essential for urban memory. Fringe-belts are both heritage areas and ecological corridors that create buffer zones to protect the natural landscape from urban sprawl. However, due to the requirements of rapid population growth, they are often seen as potential development areas and those that remain become alienated. Understanding the formation and modification dynamics of fringe-belts is important for both the appreciation and management of cities, and also for the determination of urban areas’ future development.