Bir ramjet motorunun termodinamik analizi
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Date
2021
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Konya Teknik Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Brayton çevrimi ile çalışan ramjetler yüksek irtifa ve yüksek hız gerektiren hava araçlarında kullanılan bir motordur. Bu çalışmada bir ramjet motorunun termodinamik analizi yapılarak performans değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Matematiksel model MATLAB kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Performans analizinde irtifa, Mach sayısı, difüzör ve lüle çıkış kesit alanları ve yakıt cinsi gibi parametrelerin itki, spesifik itki, itki verimi, termal verim, toplam verim üzerine etkisi teorik olarak araştırılmıştır. İlk aşama olarak 15 km irtifa ve Mach sayısı 4.0 için tüm motor istasyonların alanları sabit iken sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ardından değişen Mach sayısı, irtifa ve alan şartlarında bu parametrelerin performans parametrelerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bir ramjet motoru için sabit irtifada Mach sayısının artışı ile toplam verim ve itkinin maksimum bir değere ulaşıncaya kadar arttığı daha sonra düşmeye başladığı belirlenmiştir. Sabit Mach sayısında irtifanın artmasıyla üretilen itki azalmaktadır. Difüzör çıkış kesit alanı (A2) ile lüle çıkış kesit alanı (A6) arttıkça toplam verim artmakta, yakıt tüketimi ve üretilen itki ise azalmaktadır. Yakıt cinsinin (yakıtın özgül ısı değerinin) toplam verim, itki verimi, termal verim ve itki üzerine etkisi hemen hem yok denebilir.
Ramjets are an engine used in aircraft that require high altitude and high speed. It works with the Brayton cycle. In this study, the performance evaluation of a ramjet engine has been made by making thermodynamic analysis. The necessary mathematical models were established on MATLAB. In the performance analysis, the effects of parameters such as altitude, Mach number, diffuser and nozzle exit cross-sections and fuel type on thrust, specific thrust, thrust efficiency, thermal efficiency, and total efficiency were investigated theoretically. As a first step, the results were obtained at 15 km altitude and 4.0 Mach number while the areas of all engine stations were constant. Then, the effect of changing these parameters on changing performance parameters under changing mach number, altitude and field conditions was investigated. For a ramjet engine, a graph of the total efficiency increased slightly and then decreased with the increase of mach number at constant altitude. The thrust produced accordingly has the same curve. For a ramjet engine, the thrust generated decreases with increasing altitude. It has been observed that as diffuser outlet cross section A2 increases, total efficiency increases, fuel consumption and thrust generated decrease. Likewise, it was found that as nozzle outlet cross section A6 increased, the total efficiency increased and the fuel consumption and thrust produced decreased. The effect of fuel type (specific heat value of the fuel) on total efficiency, thrust efficiency, thermal efficiency and thrust can be almost negligible.
Ramjets are an engine used in aircraft that require high altitude and high speed. It works with the Brayton cycle. In this study, the performance evaluation of a ramjet engine has been made by making thermodynamic analysis. The necessary mathematical models were established on MATLAB. In the performance analysis, the effects of parameters such as altitude, Mach number, diffuser and nozzle exit cross-sections and fuel type on thrust, specific thrust, thrust efficiency, thermal efficiency, and total efficiency were investigated theoretically. As a first step, the results were obtained at 15 km altitude and 4.0 Mach number while the areas of all engine stations were constant. Then, the effect of changing these parameters on changing performance parameters under changing mach number, altitude and field conditions was investigated. For a ramjet engine, a graph of the total efficiency increased slightly and then decreased with the increase of mach number at constant altitude. The thrust produced accordingly has the same curve. For a ramjet engine, the thrust generated decreases with increasing altitude. It has been observed that as diffuser outlet cross section A2 increases, total efficiency increases, fuel consumption and thrust generated decrease. Likewise, it was found that as nozzle outlet cross section A6 increased, the total efficiency increased and the fuel consumption and thrust produced decreased. The effect of fuel type (specific heat value of the fuel) on total efficiency, thrust efficiency, thermal efficiency and thrust can be almost negligible.
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Havacılık Mühendisliği, Aeronautical Engineering, Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering, Mühendislik Bilimleri, Engineering Sciences
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